摘要
本文引入语言多声性和论辩性等观念,来研究副词“并”的语义功能和历史来源。首先,确认“并”是一个语言多声性的标记,具有强制先设的语法功能和表示反驳的话语功能。然后,在转折句序列中锁定“并”的语义功能:表示预期与实际结果的反向并列和转折关系。接着,从“并”字句的话语分布和信息地位的角度,揭示“并”强调否定的语气功能的实现条件。文章还从语义功能和话语变换的角度,追溯语气副词“并”来源于范围副词和关联副词这两种可能的演变路径,从“并”的多重历史来源(“并、併、並”)和“并”的连接功能的语义包容性(并列、递进、附加)方面,解释了现代汉语“并”的意义和用法的复杂性的根源。
This paper introduces the notions of linguistic polyphony and argumentativity to discuss the semantic functions of the Chinese adverb bing.First,bing is identified as a polyphonic marker for its functions to coerce presupposition semantically on the one hand,and to offer refutation pragmatically on the other.Secondly,its semantic function in the advancement of a transitional text is bringing in the negation of an expectation by reverse coordination,and further expressing the adversative relation in reality.Thirdly,the realization condition of the modal function of emphasizing negative meanings of bing is revealed by discussing the textual distribution and the information structure of bing-sentence.From the perspectives of semantic function and textual transformation,it is suggested that the modal adverb bing is likely to have evolved both from a scope adverb and a correlative adverb respectively.The multiple historical origins of bing and the semantic versatility of the connector bing(coordination,progression,and addition)together account for the complexity in meaning and function of Chinese polyphonic marker bing.
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期2-18,共17页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
澳门大学讲座教授研究与发展基金(编号:CPG2022-00032-FAH)和启动研究基金(编号:SRG2022-00011-FAH)的资助。
关键词
副词“并”
语义/话语功能
先设/预期
反向并列/转折关系
历史来源
the adverb bing
semantic/textual function
presupposition/expectation
reverse coordination/adversative relation
origin
作者简介
袁毓林,男,江苏昆山人,博士,教授,研究方向为理论语言学和汉语语言学,特别是句法学、语用学、计算语言学和中文信息处理,电邮:yuanyl@pku.edu.cn。
