摘要
对话中形式和功能上的不对称十分常见,这种不对称导致无论从句法角度还是韵律特征出发,解读问句会有歧解的可能。从互动语境出发,疑问句在形式上强制要求回应,而且主要要求言语的回应。疑问在功能上要求获取信息或确认,这是由问答双方认识地位的不平衡导致的。从会话序列角度看,问句有无回应,有何种回应,对于界定疑问至关重要。而交际双方的认识地位也可以更有助于解读陈述式问句和反问句。
The form vs.function asymmetry occurs in conversation frequently and leads to interpreting ambiguity in terms of the grammatical structure and prosodic features of questions.From the interactive context,a question requires a response formally,and primarily verbally.A question functionally solicits information or confirmation,which results from an imbalance in the epistemic status of speakers and recipients.In the sequential environment,a response to the question,whether present or absent,and the formation of the response are critical to defining a question.While participants’epistemic status in conversation can also be a help to the interpretation of rhetorical questions and declarative questions in conversation.
作者
方梅
谢心阳
Fang Mei;Xie Xinyang
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期20-32,共13页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“汉语自然口语对话的互动语言学研究”(编号:20&ZD95)的阶段性成果
关键词
反问句
陈述式问句
会话序列
认识地位
rhetorical question
declarative questions
sequence
epistemic status
作者简介
方梅,女,安徽太平人,中国社会科学院语言研究所研究员,博士生导师,主要研究方向为汉语语法、话语功能语言学、互动语言学,电邮:fangmei@cass.org.cn;谢心阳,男,甘肃兰州人,上海财经大学国际文化交流学院讲师,主要研究方向为互动语言学,电邮:xie.xinyang@mail.shufe.edu.cn。
