摘要
植物各个器官表面及内部定殖着高度多样化的微生物群落,这些微生物与植物长期共进化,作为宿主植物的“共生功能体”(holobiont)在植物生长发育、养分吸收、病害抵御和环境胁迫适应性等方面发挥了重要作用。得益于近10年来多组学技术的发展和应用,有关植物微生物群落的多样性、组成和功能特征、群落构建的驱动因素和植物–微生物互作机制等方面研究取得了一系列重要进展。然而,与土壤微生物组相比,目前对植物微生物组的认识及其应用尚且不足。本文系统总结了植物微生物组的组成特征,植物微生物在调节植物生长发育、促进养分吸收、提高病害抵御能力及环境胁迫适应性等方面的功能及作用机制,从宿主选择、环境因子以及生物互作3个方面总结了驱动植物微生物群落构建的因素,并着重阐述了植物–微生物互作如何塑造植物微生物群落以及如何调节对植物的有益功能。此外,我们对未来植物微生物组研究和应用面临的挑战进行了展望,如核心微生物组挖掘和合成群落构建,植物–微生物互作的分子调控机制,植物微生物群落水平上的互作机制等。深入理解植物微生物群落特征、生态功能以及构建过程对于精准调控植物微生物组以提高植物适应性和生产力以及维持生态系统健康具有重要意义。
Background&Aim:Plants harbor large and highly diverse microbial communities in every compartment niche,including the surfaces and interiors of all plant organs.These microorganisms,namely plant microbiomes,have co-evolved with host plant for over hundreds of millions of years and play important roles in plant nutrient uptake,growth promotion,disease resistance and adaptation to environmental stresses as“holobionts”of the host plant.The rapid development of multi-omics approaches in recent decades has greatly promoted the research on diversity,composition,functions and driver factors of plant microbiomes and plant–microbiome interaction mechanisms.However,the current understanding and utilization of the plant microbiome remain inadequate in comparison to soil microbiome.Progresses:This review summarized the recent progresses on the diversity,composition,functions and mechanisms of plant microbiomes in regulating plant growth and development,promoting nutrient uptake,improving disease resistance and adaption to environmental stresses.We further reviewed the driving factors of plant microbiome community assembly,from the respective of host selection,environmental factors and microbial interactions.The complex plant–microbe interactions that shape plant microbiome community and regulate their beneficial functions for plants were highlighted.Perspectives:We prospect that more research efforts will be put towards core microbiome mining,synthetic community construction and application,precise screening of plant genetic loci affecting beneficial microbe colonization,and unraveling plant–microbiome interaction mechanisms at the plant-microbial community level.Overall,a comprehensive understanding of plant microbial community assembly and ecological functions and the mechanisms is vital for future management and manipulation of plant microbiomes for ecosystem health and agricultural sustainability.
作者
曾青
熊超
尹梅
葛安辉
韩丽丽
张丽梅
Qing Zeng;Chao Xiong;Mei Yin;Anhui Ge;Lili Han;Limei Zhang(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;Agricultural Environment and Resource Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205;Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期182-198,共17页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(42277289)。
关键词
表生微生物
内生微生物
宿主选择
促生
抗病
植物–微生物互作
epiphytes
endophytes
host selection
growth promotion
disease suppression
plant–microbiome interaction
作者简介
通讯作者:张丽梅.E-mail:zhanglm@rcees.ac.cn。
