摘要
目的了解郑州市二级及以上医疗机构住院新生儿医院感染现患率变化趋势和抗菌药物应用现状。方法采用横断面调查方法,分别于2019年、2020年和2021年对郑州市二级及以上医疗机构住院新生儿进行现患率和抗菌药物应用情况抽样调查,调查结果采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。结果2019-2021年共调查郑州市二级及以上医疗机构111家,调查住院新生儿数1492人。2019年、2020年和2021年住院新生儿医院感染现患率分别为2.30%(16/695)、2.10%(7/333)和3.02%(14/464),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.84,P>0.05);住院新生儿医院感染部位分布,2019年血液系统的构成比最高(62.50%),2020年和2021年下呼吸道的构成比最高,分别为42.86%和35.71%;2019年、2020年和2021年住院新生儿抗菌药物使用率分别为43.60%(303/695)、40.24%(134/333)和33.62%(156/464),呈逐年下降的趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=11.31,P<0.05);2019年、2020年和2021年住院新生儿治疗性抗菌药物病原学送检率分别为63.16%(156/247)、89.83%(106/118)和90.14%(128/142),呈逐年升高的趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=42.63,P<0.05)。结论郑州市二级及以上医疗机构住院新生儿医院感染现患率和抗菌药物使用情况均在控制指标范围内,血液系统和下呼吸道感染是住院新生儿医院感染防控的重点。
Objective To understand the changing trend of neonatal nosocomial infection and use status of antibacterial drugs in secondary and above medical institutions in Zhengzhou.Methods The sampling cross-sectional surveys were conducted for understanding the prevalence rates of nosocomial infection and use status of antibacterial drugs among hospitalized neonates in secondary and above medical institutions in Zhengzhou from 2019-2021,and statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 21.0 software.Results A total of 111 secondary and above medical institutions were investigated in Zhengzhou from 2019 to 2021,and the number of hospitalized neonates were 1492.The prevalence rates of nosocomial infection among hospitalized neonates in 2019,2020 and 2021 were 2.30%(16/695),2.10%(7/333),3.02%(14/464),respectively,which was not significantly different(χ^(2)=0.84,P>0.05).The most common nosocomial infection site was blood system(62.50%)in 2019,and lower respiratory tract both in 2020(42.86%)and 2021(35.71%).The proportions of hospitalized neonates treated with antibacterial drugs in 2019,2020,and 2021 were 43.60%(303/695),40.24%(134/333),33.62%(156/464),respectively,showing downward trends(χ_(trend)^(2)=11.31,P<0.05).The proportions of pathogen detection in 2019,2020,and 2021 was 63.16%(156/247),89.83%(106/118)and 90.14%(128/142),respectively,showing upward trends(χ_(trend)^(2)=42.63,P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of neonatal nosocomial infection and the use of antibacterial drugs in secondary and above medical institutions in Zhengzhou were within the target of control indicators.Blood and lower respiratory tract infection are the focus of prevention and control of neonatal nosocomial infection.
作者
贾美云
王文文
付中华
阎颖
JIA Meiyun;WANG Wenwen;FU Zhonghua;YAN Ying(The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2023年第4期299-302,共4页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
基金
河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20191082)。
关键词
住院新生儿
医院感染
现患率
抗菌药物使用
Hospitalized neonates
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Use of antibacterial drugs
作者简介
贾美云,副主任护师,本科,研究方向:儿科护理;通信作者:阎颖,E-mail:yanying@hactcm.edu.cn。
