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深孔有压隧洞平板闸门小开度闸后水力特性试验研究 被引量:3

Experimental Study on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Flat Gate with Small Opening in Deep-hole Pressure Tunnel
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摘要 闸门小开度运行时,在闸前水头、闸门槽的影响作用下,闸后水流流态较全开时不同,流态较为复杂。通过物理模型试验与理论分析相结合的方法对深孔有压隧洞平板闸门小开度闸后水力特性进行了研究,结果表明:小开度平板闸门后水流容易出现水流射顶等不良流态现象,流态沿程变化可划分为“收缩段、扩散段及破碎段”3个阶段;闸后水流水舌高度与水舌长度均随闸门开度的增加而减小,随流量的增加而增加;时均压强压力峰值与流量同步增减且压力峰值靠后,闸后底板有负压出现,容易产生空化空蚀破坏。因此在实际工程中,需要采取一定的工程措施来改善小开度平板闸门后水流流态,避免闸后出现水流射顶等不良流态现象。研究成果可为深孔平板闸门小开度的运行与防护提供借鉴。 When the gate is operated with a small opening,the flow pattern behind the gate is different from that when the gate is fully open and flow pattern is more complex under the influence of the water head in front of the gate and the gate groove.By physical model test and theoretical analysis,the hydraulic characteristics of flat gate with small opening in deep-hole pressure tunnel are studied.The results show that,(a)behind the flat gate with small opening,the water flow is easy to appear abnormal pattern such as water ejection,and the flow pattern changes along flow path can be divided into three stages of contraction section,diffusion section and broken section;(b)the height and length of water flowing tongue decrease with the increase of gate opening and increase with the increase of flow volume;and(c)the time average pressure peak changes synchronously with the increase or decrease of flow rate and the pressure peak usually appears later,and there is negative pressure on the bottom behind the gate,which is easy to produce cavitation damage.Therefore,in practical engineering,some engineering measures should be taken to improve the flow pattern behind the flat gate with small opening,so as to avoid adverse flow pattern phenomenon such as water ejection.
作者 龙志 曾东山 苗永光 苟超 杨红宣 LONG Zhi;ZENG Dongshan;MIAO Yongguang;GOU Chao;YANG Hongxuan(China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)
出处 《水力发电》 CAS 2023年第5期103-107,112,共6页 Water Power
基金 中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司科研项目(JG/18021B,JG/18022B)。
关键词 平板闸门 小开度 物理模型 有压隧洞 水力特性 水流流态 flat gate small opening physical model pressure tunnel hydraulic characteristics flow pattern
作者简介 龙志(1989-),男,湖北荆州人,工程师,硕士,研究方向为水力学及河流动力学;通信作者:苟超。
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