摘要
为探讨特质自我控制对食物线索注意偏向的影响及干预,本研究采用眼动技术,设计了两个实验。实验1通过经典点探测任务考察特质自我控制对食物线索注意偏向的影响,实验2通过修改的点探测任务考察注意偏向训练的干预效果。结果发现,对于高热量食物线索,低特质自我控制水平女性表现出了更强的注意偏向;注意偏向训练有效降低了低特质自我控制水平女性对高热量食物线索注意偏向的强度。上述结果表明,特质自我控制影响个体对食物线索的注意偏向,注意偏向训练能有效改变个体对食物线索注意偏向的强度。
Attentional bias is the individual’s selective attention to the information outside. Some studies have found that the excessive attentional bias to high-calorie food cues is one of the important reasons for the generation and maintenance of irrational eating behaviors. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the attentional bias of individuals to food cues and intervene in the process of attentional bias for maintaining a reasonable diet and healthy weight.In this study, the eye-movement tracking technology and the dot-probe task were used to investigate the attentional bias of individuals with different self-control levels towards food cues and the intervention effect of modified point detection task on changing the intensity of attentional bias.To this end, a 2(self-control level: high, low) ×2(image type: image of high-calorie foods, image of low-calorie foods) mixed design was used in Experiment 1. The image type was the within-subjects factor, and the self-control level was the between-subjects factor. The images(images of high-calorie foods, images of low-calorie foods and neutral images) were used as materials to explore the differences in attentional bias to food cues between high and low self-controllers. A total of 60 participants(30 high self-controllers, and 30 low self-controllers) took part in Experiment 1. The materials were presented in the form of picture pairs, and the participants were required to respond to the location of the detection points. EyeLink 1000 Plus eye-movement recorder was used in this experiment. The eye tracker recorded the orientation of the participants’ first fixation, the time to first fixation,the first fixation duration and the total fixation duration. We found that participants with low self-control had a stronger attentional bias to high-calorie food cues. Specifically, participants with high self-control showed the attentional vigilance, early attentional maintenance, and general attentional avoidance in response to high-calorie food cues. Participants with low levels of self-control exhibited the attentional vigilance, early attentional maintenance, and general attentional maintenance. Attentional bias to high-calorie food cues might lead to irrational eating behaviors, therefore it was necessary to train attentional bias to high-calorie food cues in participants with low trait self-control.In Experiment 2, a single factor experimental design was used. The images(images of high-calorie foods and images of low-calorie foods) were used as materials to explore the effect of attentional bias training on the intensity of attentional bias to food cues in participants with low self-control levels. A total of 30 participants(low trait self-controllers) took part in the experiment. The results showed that the attentional bias training significantly reduced the first sight orientation, the first fixation duration and the total fixation duration of participants with low self-control level on high-calorie food cues. Besides, the detection speed of high calorie food cues also slowed down significantly. This shows that attentional bias training is an effective method to intervene the individual’s attention bias to food clues.In conclusion, self-control trait affects the attentional bias of individuals to food cues, and the modified training mode of point detection task can effectively improve the attentional bias of participants to food clues.
作者
高晓雷
李天贽
白学军
高蕾
Gao Xiaolei;Li Tianzhi;Bai Xuejun;Gao Lei(Plateau Brain Science Research Center,Tibet University,Lhasa,850000;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期25-33,共9页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260204)
西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ2019ZRG-22)
西藏大学培育基金项目(ZDTSJH21-04)
西藏大学2020年度中央支持地方高校改革发展资金(00060607)的资助。
关键词
特质自我控制
注意偏向
注意偏向训练
眼动
self-control trait
attentional bias
attentional bias training
eye movement
作者简介
通讯作者:高蕾,E-mail:gaolei1983good@sina.cn。
