摘要
近视发生的低龄化趋势及高度近视患病率升高已成为危害我国儿童青少年眼健康的重大公共卫生问题,给我国的社会公共卫生工作造成沉重的负担和经济损失,降低儿童青少年近视的发生及进展是我国提出的战略目标。儿童青少年近视是一种多因素眼病,涉及教育过程、学习环境、学习用具和学生用眼行为等。近年来的研究发现,儿童青少年用眼行为干预更符合眼和身心健康的自然规律。中华预防医学会公共卫生眼科分会北京预防医学会公共卫生眼科学专委会针对目前儿童青少年近视防控过程中存在的问题,经广泛调查研究并总结相关的实践经验,讨论形成《关于加强儿童青少年近视防控用眼行为干预的倡议及实施方法共识(2023)》,提出儿童青少年近视防控用眼行为干预大处方,具体措施包括儿童青少年近视防控预警系统的建立和使用、儿童青少年学习过程中的用眼方法、户外活动行为监督、家校对近视预防机制的联动、儿童青少年近视防控用眼行为干预大处方的科普宣教等,从卫生经济学和卫生保健的角度提出最经济、更合理、安全有效、易普及、可推广的近视防控措施。
The trend of onset of myopia at a younger age and the increasing prevalence of high myopia have become a major public health problem that endangers the eye health of children and adolescents,causing heavy burdens and economic losses to China's social public health service.Reducing the incidence and progression of myopia in children and adolescents is a national strategic goal.Myopia in children and adolescents is a multifactorial eye disease,which involves the educational process,study environment,learning-related equipment and students'eye-use behavior.Recent studies showed that eye-care habits managements for myopia prevention and control are more consistent with the natural course of eye and physical and mental health in children and adolescents.Based on the extensive research and summary of the relevant practical experience,the Public Health Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,and the Public Health Ophthalmology Specialty Committee of Beijing Preventive Medicine Association,in response to the current problems in the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents,discussed and formed the Consensus on enhancing eye-use behavior interventions for myopia prevention and control of children and adolescents(2023),which proposed an extraordinary prescription for myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents.Specific measures proposed by the consensus include the establishment and use of an early warning system for myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents,eye-care methods during the study of children and adolescents,supervision of outdoor activities,the cooperation of home and school in myopia prevention,and popularization and education of the extraordinary prescription for myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents and their parents.This consensus proposes myopia prevention and control measures that are more economical,reasonable,safe and effective,easy to popularize and promote.
作者
中华预防医学会公共卫生眼科分会
北京预防医学会公共卫生眼科学专委会
王宁利
李仕明
Public Health Ophthalmology Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association;Public Health Ophthalmology Specialty Committee of Beijing Preventive Medicine Association;Wang Ningli(不详;Beijing Ophthalmology&Visual Science Key Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology,Beijing Tongren Eye Center,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《中华实验眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期297-302,共6页
Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82071000)
北京市自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(JQ20029)
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2020-2-1081)
关键词
近视/防控
儿童
青少年
用眼行为
卫生经济学
卫生保健
专家共识
Myopia/prevention&control
Child
Adolescent
Eye-use behavior
Health economics
Health care
Consensus
作者简介
通信作者:王宁利,Email:wningli@vip.163.com。
