摘要
在国际形势变乱交织的背景下,中美经贸关系发展更为复杂。美国谋求在对华战略竞争中塑造对华经贸关系,政策制定的经济逻辑有所弱化,非经济因素的塑造作用日益上升。通过提供高额产业补贴、继续征收高关税、强化高科技打压、构建遏华经济盟友体系等措施,美国谋求增加对华竞争优势。作为回应,中国推动降低对美依赖水平,对美国对华经济制裁进行反制裁,积极构建对己友好的经贸合作关系,取得积极效果。从双边贸易、金融、投资以及宏观经济政策协调等指标考察,中美经贸关系总体上仍在发展,但也出现下滑脱钩的趋势。当前中美经贸关系既面临美对华高关税后续发展、“脱钩断链”效果评估、经贸合作动力衰减等重大问题,也受到乌克兰危机的冲击。面对美国对华经贸政策的不确定性,中国要始终聚焦国内高质量增长,提升和强化经济逻辑在美国对华经贸政策制定中的作用,牢牢掌握中美经贸关系变化的主动权和塑造力。
As the US intends to shape its economic and trade relations with China through the lens of strategic competition,non-economic considerations have been playing a larger role in its policy-making.To gain competitive advantages over China,the US has provided tremendous industrial subsidies,imposed high tariffs,suppressed China's high-tech sector,and built economic alliances targeting China.In response,China has worked to reduce its dependence on the US and launch counter-sanction measures,while promoting trade and economic cooperation with other countries.China-US economic relations are still developing,but have shown signs of deterioration and decoupling.The current bilateral economic relationship not only faces the challenges of US-imposed high tariffs on China,the US move to decouple from China,and the decaying momentum for bilateral cooperation,but is also impacted by the ongoing Ukraine crisis.While focusing on high-quality development domestically,China needs to restore the role of economic logic in the US policy-making on China,and always take the initiative amid the evolving economic relations with the US.
出处
《国际问题研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期58-72,124,共16页
International Studies
作者简介
宋国友,复旦大学美国研究中心教授、副主任。
