国际视野下教师“发展改进”素养的培育路径与现实困境被引量：9

The Cultivation Path and Realistic Difficulties of Teachers’"Development and Improvement"Competence from an International Perspective

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摘要随着社会的快速发展与技术的持续变革,教师学会有效的专业发展或专业学习以应对多变的课堂情境带来的重要挑战成为当今教师顺利从教的必然要求。教师的“发展改进”素养作为教师质量的重要表征,也是教师从事专业发展与专业学习的重要基础。教师“发展改进”素养有着超脱于教师“专业发展”和“专业学习”之上的复杂意境,兼具教师“发展”的宏观愿景及“改进”的现实指向,并蕴藏着反思发展、研究改进、自我调节的丰富内涵。通过对美国、英国、澳大利亚、芬兰、日本等国的教师专业标准或培养方案的文本的深入分析及对其教师“发展改进”素养培育现状的总体考察发现,将教师“发展改进”素养要求内嵌于教师专业标准之中,为教师发展改进提供重要遵循、以研究为基础塑造教师对专业角色的整体认知、注重理论与实践的融合以激发教师发展改进的意愿、实施教师资格更新制度为教师的发展与改进提供制度保障成为培育教师“发展改进”素养的主要路径。与此同时,教师“发展改进”素养的培育目前也面临着教师发展改进的个人需求与教育要求的动态平衡难以把握、教师发展改进的职前、入职辅导和在职教育的连续体难以生成、教师的发展改进缺乏同伴合作、资金和时间等方面的有力支持的现实困境。 With the rapid development of society and the continuous change of technology,it has become an inevitable requirement for teachers to learn effectively to cope with the important challenges brought by changing classroom situations.Teachers’competence of"development and improvement"is an important representation of teacher quality,and also an important basis for teachers to engage in professional development and learning.Teachers’competence of"development and improvement"has a complex artistic conception beyond the"professional development"and"professional learning"of teachers.It combines both the macro vision of teacher"development"and the realistic direction of"improvement",and contains the rich connotation of reflection and development,research and improvement,self-regulation.Through in-depth analysis of the texts of teachers’professional standards or training programs in the United States,Britain,Australia,Finland,Japan and other countries and overall investigation of the cultivation status of teachers’competence of"development and improvement",it is found that teachers’competence of"development and improvement"requirements are embedded in teachers’professional standards to provide important guidelines for teachers’"development and improvement".The main ways to cultivate teachers’"development and improvement"competence are to shape teachers’overall cognition of professional roles based on research,to pay attention to the integration of theory and practice to stimulate teachers’willingness of"development and improvement",and to implement teacher qualification renewal system to provide institutional guarantee for teachers’"development and improvement".At the same time,the cultivation of teachers’competence of"development and improvement"is currently facing the realistic dilemma that it is difficult to grasp the dynamic balance between individual needs and educational requirements in teachers’"development and improvement",and it is also difficult to generate the continuum of pre-service,induction and inservice education for teachers’"development and improvement",the"development and improvement"of teachers lacks strong support from peer cooperation,funds and time.

作者于庆奎邓涛 YU Qingkui;DENG Tao(Faculty of Education,Northeast Normal University,Jilin 130024,China)

机构地区东北师范大学教育学部

出处《比较教育学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第1期118-132,共15页 Journal of Comparative Education

基金国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学重点课题“新时代教师专业标准研究”(项目编号:AFA190007)。

关键词教师素养发展改进专业学习专业标准 teacher competence development and improvement professional learning professional standards

分类号 G4 [文化科学—教育技术学]

作者简介于庆奎,东北师范大学教育学部博士研究生(长春130024);邓涛,东北师范大学教育学部教授,博士生导师(长春130024)。