摘要
以黄土丘陵沟壑区水土保持综合治理示范流域韭园沟及其对比流域裴家峁沟为研究对象,基于韭园沟和裴家峁沟1986—2015年长序列水文泥沙数据,采用累积距平法和Mann-Kendall趋势检验法分析水文泥沙要素的变化趋势,针对存在显著变化趋势的水文泥沙要素采用Mann-Kendall突变检验方法识别突变时间,并通过Kendall相关系数分析要素之间的相关性,分别计算韭园沟和裴家峁沟的降水—径流—输沙关系,分析流域产流产沙能力的变化,探讨不同水土保持措施下的黄土区小流域水沙关系演变特征。结果显示:韭园沟年输沙量仅为裴家峁沟的5.35%,表明水土保持工程措施可大幅度减少流域出口断面输沙量;生物措施在短期内即可明显改善流域径流调节能力,流域固沙抗蚀能力则随着退耕还林后林草逐年生长渐增,说明退耕还林具有可持续的环境价值。
Taking Jiuyuangou, the pilot small watershed for comprehensive management of soil and water conservation and the comparative water-shed of Peijiamao in loess hilly and gully region as the research object and based on the long series hydrological and sediment data of Ji-uyuangou and Peijiamao from 1986 to 2015, the paper analyzed the change trend of hydrological and sediment elements by using cumulative anomaly method and Mann-Kendall trend test. Aiming at the existing significant change trend of hydrological and sediment elements, it used Mann-Kendall mutation test to identify the mutation time, analyzed the correlation between elements through Kendall correlation coefficient, calculated the relationship between precipitation, runoff and sediment transport in Jiuyuangou and Peijiamao respectively, analyzed the varia-tion of runoff yield and sediment yield in the watershed and explored the evolution characteristics of runoff-sediment relationship in small wa-tershed in loess region under different soil and water conservation measures. The outcomes show that a) the annual sediment discharge of Ji-uyuangou is only 5. 35% of that of Peijiamao, showing that the engineering measures of soil and water conservation can greatly reduce the sediment discharge at the outlet section of the watershed and;b) biological measures can significantly improve the runoff regulation capacity of the watershed in a short time and the ability of sand fixation and erosion resistance in the watershed increases year by year with the growth of forest and grass after returning farmland to forests, showing that returning farmland to forests has sustainable environmental value.
作者
赵妍
苏鹏飞
刘思君
曹夏雨
ZHAO Yan;SU Pengfei;LIU Sijun(Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of the Yellow River Basin,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710021,China;Suide Administration and Supervision Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation of the Yellow River(Suide Soil and Water Conservation Scientific Experimental Station of Yellow River Conservancy Commission),Yulin,Shaanxi 719052,China)
出处
《中国水土保持》
2022年第12期40-45,I0001,共7页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
基金
中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助(IWHR-SKL-KF202005)。
关键词
水沙关系
水土保持措施
降水
径流
输沙
小流域
黄土丘陵沟壑区
water-sediment relationship
soil and water conservation measures
precipitation
runoff
sediment transport
small watershed
loess hilly and gully region
作者简介
赵妍(1990-),女,山西太原人,工程师,硕士,主要从事水土保持监测工作。
