1982年宪法实施40年:实践经验与发展逻辑被引量：2

40 Years since the Implementation of the 1982 Constitution:Practical Experience and Development Logic

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摘要现行宪法自1982年颁行以来,为推进宪法的贯彻落实,实践中已探索形成了多元的宪法实施路径,具体包括通过完备的法律实施宪法、通过法律实施推动宪法实施、通过备案审查制度保障宪法实施、通过健全法律制度实施宪法、通过宪法解释实施宪法、通过法院裁判说理实施宪法以及通过创制性制度安排实施宪法在内的七种方式,它们共同构成了具有中国特色的宪法实施体系。40年来,现行宪法之所以逐步获得全面有效实施,主要原因在于以下三个方面,即党的领导是宪法实施的最根本保障,坚持依宪治国、依宪执政是推进宪法实施的不竭动力,宪法宣传教育的大力开展构成了宪法实施的重要基础。未来我国宪法实施的水平还须进一步提高,应当树立以人民为中心的宪法实施主体观,将合宪性审查作为宪法监督工作的主轴加以推进、强调宪法阐释在宪法实施中的重要作用以及注重通过科学有效、系统完备的制度体系加强宪法实施。 Since the present Constitution was enacted in 1982,in order to promote the implementation of the Constitution,various ways of constitutional implementation have been explored in practice.Specifically,there are seven ways to implement the Constitution,namely,to implement the Constitution through complete laws,to promote the implementation of the Constitution through the implementation of laws,to guarantee the implementation of the Constitution through the system of record review,to implement the Constitution through improving the legal system,to implement the Constitution through the interpretation of the Constitution,to implement the Constitution through the reasoning of the court,and to implement the Constitution through creative institutional arrangements.In the past 40 years,the current Constitution has been gradually implemented in a comprehensive and effective way,mainly due to the following three aspects:the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most fundamental guarantee for the implementation of the Constitution;the persistence of running the country and exercising power in accordance with the Constitution is the inexhaustible driving force for the implementation of the Constitution;and the vigorous development of the propaganda and education of the Constitution constitutes an important foundation for the implementation of the Constitution.In the future,the implementation level of the 1982 Constitution must be further improved,we should establish a people-centered subjective view on the implementation of the Constitution,take constitutional review as the main axis of constitutional supervision,emphasize the important role of constitutional interpretation in the implementation of the Constitution and pay attention to strengthening the implementation of the Constitution through a scientific,effective and systematic system.

作者范进学马冲冲 FAN Jin-xue;MA Chong-chong(KoGuan Law School,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区上海交通大学凯原法学院

出处《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第6期49-60,共12页 Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基金教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“加强宪法实施、教育和监督研究”(项目编号:18JZD036)的阶段性成果。

关键词现行宪法宪法实施四十周年实践经验发展逻辑 the existing Constitution enforcement of the Constitution fortieth anniversary practical experience development logic

分类号 D911 [政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]

作者简介范进学,上海交通大学特聘教授、博士生导师,主要从事法理学与宪法学研究;马冲冲,上海交通大学凯原法学院博士研究生,主要从事宪法学研究。