摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮纤维含量对成年麝香鼠的采食、消化和软粪量的影响。选取12~16月龄、体重(1 368±121) g的雄性麝香鼠8只,单笼饲喂,自由采食,自由饮水。试验共分3期,每期饲喂1种纤维含量的饲粮,同时喂给8只。3期分别饲喂纤维含量为17.34%(饲粮1)、21.57%(饲粮2)和25.67%(饲粮3)的颗粒饲料,每期23 d,其中预试期15 d,收粪期8 d。试验测定麝香鼠的自由采食量和营养物质表观消化率、软粪量和硬粪量及其营养物质含量。结果表明:1)麝香鼠对饲粮1、2和3的干物质自由采食量分别为(51.44±4.78) g/(d·只)、(51.79±3.46) g/(d·只)、(52.04±2.65) g/(d·只);干物质表观消化率分别为(56.75±1.72)%、(54.76±0.50)%、(54.44±0.61)%。2)与饲喂饲粮1相比,饲喂饲粮2的麝香鼠对粗蛋白质、能量和磷的消化量分别极显著减少了8.13%(P<0.01)、8.68%(P<0.01)和13.33%(P<0.01),而对纤维素和半纤维素的消化量则分别极显著增加了31.06%(P<0.01)和7.25%(P<0.01);饲喂饲粮3的麝香鼠对粗蛋白质、能量和磷的消化量分别极显著减少了12.92%(P<0.01)、11.13%(P<0.01)和20.00%(P<0.01),对纤维素和半纤维素消化量分别极显著增加了60.61%(P<0.01)和9.84%(P <0.01)。3)饲喂3种饲粮的麝香鼠软粪量(干物质基础)分别为(8.05±0.73) g/(d·只)、(8.29±0.55) g/(d·只)和(8.36±0.44) g/(d·只),可分别提供有机物(6.88±0.86) g/(d·只)、(6.75±0.78) g/(d·只)和(6.52±0.87) g/(d·只),粗蛋白质(2.16±0.23) g/(d·只)、(2.12±0.27) g/(d·只)和(2.03±0.76) g/(d·只),能量(108.07±2.44) J/(d·只)、(104.36±2.32) J/(d·只)和(104.12±1.99) J/(d·只),总氨基酸(387.75±3.54) mg/d、(346.49±5.98) mg/d和(297.30±3.60) mg/d,赖氨酸(21.19±1.34) mg/d、(19.17±1.34) mg/d和(17.43±1.86) mg/d,蛋氨酸(26.65±1.52) mg/d、(19.83±1.92) mg/d和(16.14±1.37) mg/d。综上所述,饲粮纤维含量对麝香鼠的干物质自由采食量和营养物质表观消化率没有显著影响,但减少了粗蛋白质、能量和磷的消化量,增加了纤维素和半纤维素的消化量;成年麝香鼠软粪中可消化有机物含量和可消化能量均不受饲粮纤维含量的影响,但饲粮纤维含量影响软粪的粗蛋白质和氨基酸含量。麝香鼠软粪是麝香鼠营养的重要来源。
The impact of dietary fiber content on voluntary feed intake,digestion and caecotrophy production of muskrat was studied.Eight of adult male muskrat with body weight of(1 368±121)g were independently raised in single cage,freely access to diet and drinking.The experiment was divided into three periods,each feeding a diet with a fiber content was an experimental period,and feeding 8 animals at the same time in each period.Pellet diets with fiber contents of 17.34%(diet 1),21.57%(diet 2)and 25.67%(diet 3)were fed,respectively.The voluntary feed intake,nutrient apparent digestibility of diets,and production of feces and caecotrophy were measured.Each period of experiment lasted for 23 days,including 15 days for adaptation and8 days for sample collection.The results showed as follows 1)for the three diets,the dry matter(DM)voluntary feed intake were(51.44 ± 4.78)g/(d·rat),(51.79 ± 3.46)g/(d·rat)and(52.04 ±2.65)g/(d·rat),respectively;the apparent digestibility of DM was(56.75 ±1.72)%,(54.76 ±0.50)%and(54.44±0.61)%,respectively.2)Compared with diet 1,the digested amounts of crude protein(CP),energy and phosphorus in diet 2 decreased by 8.13%(P<0.01),8.68%(P<0.01)and 13.33%(P<0.01),respectively,while that of cellulose and hemicellulose increased by 31.06%(P<0.01)and 7.25%(P<0.01),respectively;in diet 3,the digested amounts of CP,energy and phosphorus decreased by 12.92%(P<0.01),11.13%(P<0.01)and 20.00%(P<0.01),respectively,and that of cellulose and hemicellulose increased by60.61%(P<0.01)and 9.84%(P<0.01),respectively.3)The DM yield of caecotrophy(DM basis)in three diets were(8.05±0.73)g/(d·rat),(8.29±0.55)g/(d·rat)and(8.36±0.44)g/(d·rat),providing organic matter(OM)by(6.88 ± 0.86)g/(d·rat),(6.75 ± 0.78)g/(d·rat)and(6.52 ±0.87)g/(d·rat),CP by(2.16 ± 0.23)g/(d·rat),(2.12 ± 0.27)g/(d·rat)and(2.03 ±0.76)g/(d·rat),and energy by(108.07±2.44)J/(d·rat),(104.36±2.32)J/(d·rat)and(104.12±1.99)J/(d·rat),respectively.The caecotrophy of the three diets provided total amino acids by(387.75±3.54)mg/d,(346.49±5.98)mg/d and(297.30±3.60)mg/d,lysine by(21.19±1.34)mg/d,(19.17±1.34)mg/d and(17.43±1.86)mg/d,and methionine by(26.65±1.52)mg/d,(19.83±1.92)mg/d and(16.14±1.37)mg/d,respectively.It is concluded that there are no significant effects of dietary fiber content on DM intake and apparent digestibility of muskrats,but dietary fiber content reduces digested amounts of CP,energy and phosphorus,and increases that of cellulose and hemicellulose;the content of digestible OM and digestible energy in caecotrophy of adult muskrat are not affected by dietary fiber content,but CP and amino acids contents are affected.Caecotrophy is an important source of nutrition for muskrat.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(11):7455-7465]
作者
谢文龙
雒秋江
韩守方
潘榕
张宸
XIE Wenlong;LUO Qiujiang;HAN Shoufang;PAN Rong;ZHANG Chen(Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期7455-7465,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
新疆教育厅资助项目(XND20160403)。
关键词
麝香鼠
纤维
消化
软粪
muskrat
fiber
digestion
caecotrophy
作者简介
谢文龙(1996-),男,河南叶县人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E⁃mail:johnny_xwl@163.com;通信作者:雒秋江,教授,博士生导师,E⁃mail:qjl@xjau.edu.cn。
