美国农业绿色发展的政策演进及对中国的启示被引量：4

Policy Evolution of Green Agricultural Development in the United States and Its Enlightenments to China

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摘要美国是世界上最大的农业生产国,经历19世纪末农业的高速发展后,农药、化肥等化学投入品滥用对其环境造成了严重污染,迫使美国农业开始向绿色发展转型,并在推进农业绿色发展时颁布了大量政策给予支撑。综合使用文献调研法、归纳法和专家咨询法,梳理了美国农业绿色发展政策演化历程,从退(休)耕项目、农业用地保护项目、地役权购买项目3个方面分析了美国农业绿色发展项目的布局,并基于法律法规体系、土壤保护项目、农业绿色补贴3个方面总结了美国农业绿色发展政策的特点。最后,基于对美国农业绿色发展现状、政策布局和项目规划的分析结果,从完善农业绿色法规、促进环境效率与经济效率共同发展、完善绿色农业补贴等方面提出了推进中国农业绿色高质量发展的对策建议。 The United States is the world's largest agricultural producer.After the rapid development of agriculture in the late 19th century,the misuse of chemical inputs such as pesticides and fertilizers caused serious pollution to the environment,agriculture in the United States was forced to begin to the transition of green development,and a large number of policies were enacted to support the promotion of green development in agriculture.Using a combination of literature research method,inductive method and expert consultation method,the evolution of agricultural green development policies was compared,the layout of U.S.agricultural green development programs was analyzed from retirement(fallow)programs,agricultural land conservation programs,and easement purchase programs,and the characteristics of U.S.agricultural green development policies were summarized based on three aspects of legal and regulatory system,soil conservation programs,and agricultural green subsidies.Finally,based on the analysis results of the current situation,policy layout and project planning of U.S.agricultural green development,countermeasures and suggestions for promoting China's agricultural green and high-quality development were put forward in terms of improving agricultural green regulations,promoting joint development of environmental efficiency and economic efficiency,and improving green agricultural subsidies.

作者林巧欧阳峥峥孔令博王晓梅杨小薇何微杨思飞 Lin Qiao;Ouyang Zhengzheng;Kong Lingbo;Wang Xiaomei;Yang Xiaowei;He Wei;Yang Sifei(Agricultural Information Institute,CAAS,Beijing 100081;Chengdu Library and Information Center,CAS,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan)

机构地区中国农业科学院农业信息研究所中国科学院成都文献情报中心

出处《农业展望》 2022年第6期10-17,共8页 Agricultural Outlook

基金国家科技图书文献中心“下一代开放知识服务平台关键技术优化集成与系统研发”(2022XM2802) 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所所级创新工程项目“面向农业科技重点领域的深度观察与分析研究”(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII)。

关键词农业绿色发展政策演进法律体系项目规划 agricultural green development policy evolution law system project planning

分类号 F323.22 [经济管理—产业经济] F371.2 [经济管理—产业经济]

作者简介林巧,E-mail:linqiao@caas.cn;共同第一作者:欧阳峥峥,E-mail:oyzz@clas.ac.cn;通信作者:杨小薇,E-mail:yangxiao wei@caas.cn;通信作者:孔令博,E-mail:konglingbo@caas.cn。