摘要
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种老年时期比较常见的中枢神经系统退行性病变,以记忆障碍和行为改变等为主要的临床表现。现代研究发现,很多“药食同源”药材具有抗氧化、抗衰老等作用。另外,“药食同源”药材具有天然的安全性,在预防保健方面有显著的作用。以2021年中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会公布的110种“药食同源”药材为研究对象。通过中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed等数据库检索分析近5年的国内外文献,对目前“药食同源”药材及其有效成分对阿尔茨海默病的作用及机制进行归纳总结,结果发现有人参、姜黄、黄芪、山茱萸、天麻、当归、肉苁蓉、西红花、甘草、灵芝等共30多味中药材及其有效成分对预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病有作用,从中筛选出符合条件的10味进行总结归纳。对阿尔茨海默病有效果的“药食同源”药材及其有效成分可以通过核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶5(MEK5)/细胞外信号调节激酶5(ERK5)、细胞色素C(CytC)及胱天蛋白酶(Caspase)-3/(Caspase)-9、Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)/酪氨酸激酶受体B(TrkB)/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)等信号通路对阿尔茨海默病进行多途径、多靶点的治疗,从而提升学习认知能力和记忆能力;从归经上看大部分“药食同源”药材归心、脾、肝、肾经,从功效角度来看大多数为补虚类药物。
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system in the elderly,with memory impairment and behavioral changes as the main clinical manifestations.Modern research has demonstrated that many herbs with both medicinal and edible values have anti-oxidation and antiaging activities.In addition,these herbs are naturally safe and play a role in disease prevention and health care.The 110 medicinal and edible herbs announced by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in 2021 were studied.The relevant papers published in the last five years were searched against CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data,PubMed and other databases.The effects,mechanism,and active ingredients of the medicinal and edible herbs against Alzheimer’s disease were summarized.The results showed that more than30 herbs including Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Curcumae Longae Rhizoma,Astragali Radix,Corni Fructus,Gastrodiae Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Cistanches Herba,Croci Stigma,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Ganoderma and their active ingredients were effective in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.Among them,ten herbs that met the requirements were screened out for analysis.The medicinal and edible herbs and their active ingredients can act on multiple targets and treat Alzheimer’s disease via multiple signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),mitogen-activated protein kinase 5(MEK5)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5(ERK5),cytochrome C(CytC)and cysteine aspartate-specific protease(Caspase)-3/(Caspase)-9,Wnt/β-catenin,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)/tyrosine kinase receptor B(TrkB)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt),thus improving learning,cognitive ability,and memory ability.Most of the medicinal and edible herbs have the tropism to the heart,spleen,liver,and kidney meridians and tonifying effect.
作者
仲丽丽
路鑫
赵秦妍
倪雪妍
马一夫
易娅静
刘宏
ZHONG Lili;LU Xin;ZHAO Qinyan;NI Xueyan;MA Yifu;YI Yajing;LIU Hong(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第21期235-242,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
中国博士后科学基金课题(2015M581496)
黑龙江中医药大学研究生创新科研项目立项基金项目(2019yjscx011)
黑龙江中医药大学研究生创新科研项目立项基金项目(2022yjscx012)
黑龙江博士后经费项目(LBH-Z14196)。
关键词
阿尔茨海默病
“药食同源”药材
活性成分
研究进展
Alzheimer’s disease
medicinal and edible herbs
active ingredients
research progress
作者简介
第一作者:仲丽丽,博士,主任医师,从事中医药抗肿瘤抗衰老研究,E-mail:zhll1979@126.com;通信作者:刘宏,博士,副教授,从事中医药对脑老化的防治研究,E-mail:EYLLH@126.com。
