摘要
随着数字经济快速发展,数字硬件产品生产、数字技术应用以及数字基础设施建设运营的环境影响特别是碳排放问题引起了各界关注。文章根据国家统计局发布的《数字经济及其核心产业统计分类(2021)》,构建了数字经济碳排放测算框架,设计出数字经济碳排放的测算方法。计算结果显示,近年来中国数字经济产生的碳排放快速增加,占碳排放总量比重由2008年的0.80%上升至2018年的5.53%。据此趋势,文章推算出2020年数字经济碳排放占中国碳排放总量的比重已达6.31%。在排放总量增加过程中,数字产品和新型基础设施的碳排放结构也发生了明显变化。再与全球数字经济及国内制造业的排放水平相比,中国数字经济碳排放强度相对偏高,并不具备显著优势。进一步地,预测到2030年,中国数字经济碳排放占比将达到11.63%,成为中国碳排放主要来源之一。排放强度不低、总量增长过快的基本事实及趋势表明,中国数字经济尚未展现出绿色低碳的发展特质,与人们对这类新兴领域自带“绿色光环”的认知形成了较大偏差,意味着中国数字经济仍主要采取了粗放式外延扩张的发展方式,加大减排力度势在必行。今后,在大力发展数字经济、运用数字技术助推其他行业“精准”减排降耗的同时,应高度重视数字经济自身的排放问题,科学评估,前瞻布局,加强对数字经济碳排放的核算与监测,引导数字经济部门加快能源转型,提高数字产品及数字基础设施的能耗标准,鼓励数字经济企业践行绿色社会责任,积极探索可持续的减排路径,推动中国数字经济实现“双碳”目标。
With the enlarging scale of the digital economy,its impact on the environment and carbon emissions has gradually attracted the attention of all walks of life.Referring to the Statistical Classification of Digital Economy and Its Core Industries(2021)issued by China’s National Bureau of Statistics,this study established a groundbreaking carbon emission measurement framework of the digital economy and designed a carbon emission calculation method.The calculation results showed that the carbon emissions generated by China’s digital economy have increased rapidly in recent years,with its proportion of China’s total carbon emissions increasing from 0.80%in 2008 to 5.53%in 2018.Based on this trend,this study predicted that the total carbon emissions of China’s digital economy in 2020 accounted for about 6.31%of China’s total carbon emissions.In the process of increasing total emissions,the carbon emission structure of digital products and new infrastructure also underwent significant changes.Even compared with the emission levels of the global digital economy and domestic manufacturing,the carbon emission intensity of China’s digital economy was relatively high without obvious advantages.According to the prediction in this article,China’s digital economy will account for 11.63%of total carbon emissions and become one of the main sources by 2030.The results of high emission intensity and rapid total growth indicated that the digital economy did not reflect the green and low-carbon deposition,which apparently deviated from the common understanding of the‘green halo’of these emerging fields,meaning that China’s digital economy still adopted the extensive expansion mode.In the future,while keeping the high-level development of the digital economy and using digital technology to promote‘accurate’emission reduction in other industries,great importance should be attached to the emission problems of the digital economy itself and make scientific evaluation to strengthen the accounting and monitoring of carbon emissions of the digital economy,with policy measures including guiding the digital economy sector to accelerate energy transformation,improving energy consumption standards of digital products,as well as encouraging digital economy enterprises to practice green social responsibility and explore sustainable emission reduction paths,so as to promote China’s digital economy to achieve the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.
作者
渠慎宁
史丹
杨丹辉
QU Shenning;SHI Dan;YANG Danhui(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100006,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期11-21,共11页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“推进新型工业化与经济体系优化升级研究”(批准号:21ZDA021)
国家社会科学基金青年项目“我国绿色发展的产业支撑问题研究”(批准号:17CGL002)
中国社会科学院创新工程项目“新兴产业高质量发展研究”
中国社会科学院登峰战略优势学科(产业经济学)项目。
关键词
数字经济
碳中和
碳达峰
碳排放
digital economy
carbon neutrality
carbon peak
carbon emission
作者简介
渠慎宁,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为产业经济与宏观经济。E‑mail:qushenning@163.com。
