摘要
为科学评价黄皮种质果实品质奠定基础,采用主成分分析和聚类分析的方法,以23份黄皮种质资源的成熟果实为试材,测定单果重、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、可食率、可溶性固形物、蛋白质、VC含量、总酸、可溶性糖、糖酸比11项品质指标,从中筛选出具有代表性的黄皮品质评价指标,并对23份黄皮种质进行聚类。结果表明,单果重、VC、蛋白质、可溶性糖、总酸和糖酸比的变异系数均在20%以上,其中黄皮果实的糖酸比变异系数最大,高达108.57%,不同黄皮种质间营养成分的含量差异大,具有丰富的遗传信息和多样性;而果实横径、果形指数的变异系数均在10%以下,果形指数的变异系数最小,仅6.98%,黄皮外观形状、大小遗传比较稳定、改良空间较小;23份黄皮种质的各品质指标之间存在显著或极显著的相关性;将数据标准化处理后,进行主成分分析,提取出4个具有代表性的主成分,累计方差贡献率达到85.41%;通过计算得到第1~4主成分因子得分和品质指标的综合得分,其中第1、2主成分在黄皮品质综合评价中起到关键作用,综合评价得分最高的为A3,得分最低的为G1;对黄皮种质资源的品质影响较大且相对独立的有单果重、果形指数、可食率、可溶性糖、总酸和糖酸比这6个指标;将6个具有代表性的品质指标的数据标准化处理后进行系统聚类分析,在欧氏距离15处,可得到4大类群,第Ⅰ大类群有A3和Y-2,果实大、可食率较高、糖酸比高,风味偏甜,品质优良,第Ⅱ大类群有X1、Y-1、G2和B1,果实较大,形状多样,可食率高,可溶性糖和糖酸比较低,品质较差,第Ⅲ大类群包括300-1、J2、300-2、9-3、H1、A1、Z1、A2、N-3这9份黄皮种质,其果实大小偏低,可食率较高,酸甜适中,第Ⅳ类群包括A5、N-1、H2、A6、T1、G1、J1、J3这8份种质,其果小,可食率低,可溶性糖较低,总酸较高,糖酸比极低,口感较差。
In order to lay the foundation for scientific evaluation of fruit quality of wampee germplasms,11 fruit quality indices including single fruit weight,fruit length,fruit diameter,fruit shape index,edible rate,total soluble solid,vitamin C,protein,soluble sugar,total acid,sugar-acid ratio for the mature fruits of 23 wampee germplasms resources were measured and analyzed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Lastly,the representative quality evaluation indexes were selected from indices,23 wampee germplasms resources were clustered according to the selected indexes.The results showed that the variation of single fruit weight,vitamin C,protein,soluble sugar,total acid and sugar-acid ratio were above 20%,while the variation of fruit diameter and fruit shape index were below 10%.Among them,the variation of sugar-acid ratio of wampee germplasms was the most significant,which was as high as 108.57%,while the variation of fruit shape index was the most non-significant,only 6.98%.This indicated that the content of nutrients varied greatly among different wampee germplasm,with abundant genetic information and diversity,and the appearance and size of them were genetically stable,and had less space for improvement.There were significant or extremely significant correlations among the quality indexes of the germplasm.After standardizing the data,the principal component analysis was carried out,and four representative principal components were extracted,of whom cumulative proportion reached 85.41%.According to the score of the 1to 4principal component factor and the comprehensive score of the quality indexes,the first and second principal components played a key role in the comprehensive evaluation of wampee quality,the highest score was A3,and the lowest score was G1.Meanwhile,the six indexes which has great influence and relatively independent on the quality of wampee germplasm resources were single fruit weight,fruit shape index,edible rate,soluble sugar,total acid and sugar-acid ratio.The systematic cluster analysis of fruit quality in wampee by the 6 selected and representative indexes which were standardized showed that the fruit quality from the germplasm resources could be clustered into 4 groups according to Euclidean distance of 15.The 1group had A3 and Y-2,which were the largest,and had a high edible rate and sugar-acid ratio,with a sweet flavor and excellent quality.The 2group had X1,Y-1,G2 and B1,the fruits were larger and diverse in shapes,with high edible rates,but relatively low in soluble sugar and sugar acids,and inferior quality.The 3group included 300-1,J2,300-2,9-3,H1,A1,Z1,A2 and N-3,which had low fruit size,high edible rate,moderate sour and sweet.The 4group included A5,N-1,H2,A6,T1,G1,J1,J3,which had small fruit,low edible rate,low soluble sugar,high total acid,low sugar-acid ratio and poor taste.
作者
喻华平
赵志常
高爱平
罗睿雄
YU Huaping;ZHAO Zhichang;GAO Aiping;LUO Ruixiong(College of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chi-nese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/National Cultivar Improvement Center of Tropical Fruit Tree,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期1357-1364,共8页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2020057)
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.320RC728)。
关键词
黄皮
种质资源
主成分分析
聚类分析
品质评价
wampee
germplasm resources
principal component analysis
cluster analysis
quality evaluation
作者简介
喻华平(1997-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:热带果树种质资源与育种;通信作者:罗睿雄,E-mail:luoruixiong@163.com。
