摘要
目的 探讨朋辈沙盘游戏治疗对壮族孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童治疗效果,并对其照料者心理健康状况评估。方法 将60例壮族ASD儿童随机分为对照组、观察组,每组30例,对照组采用应用行为分析法(ABA)教学和个体沙盘游戏,观察组采用应用行为分析法(ABA)教学加朋辈沙盘游戏治疗。采用孤独症行为评定量表(ABC)、社交反应量表(SRS),评定患儿治疗前和治疗6个月后的疗效;采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSH),评定其照料者治疗前和治疗6个月后的变化。结果 干预前两组患儿ABC各因子得分及总分、SRS各因子分及总分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组患儿感觉能力、社会交往、运动、生活自理、ABC总分、社交知觉、社交沟通、社交动机、孤独症行为方式及SRS总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后各组ABC各因子得分及总分、SRS各因子分及总分与干预前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组之间SDS、SAS及MUNSH得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组患儿SAS得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),SDS、MUNSH得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后各组SDS、SAS及MUNSH得分与干预前得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前观察组照料者SAS评分与ABC总分、SRS总分显著正相关(P<0.05),其余相关未达到显著性水平(P>0.05)。结论 沙盘游戏治疗能改善壮族孤独症谱系障碍儿童的社会交往等症状,朋辈沙盘游戏的疗效更优。同时也能减轻照料者的抑郁焦虑情绪,提高幸福度。
Objective To explore the effect of Peer Sandplay therapy on children with autism spectrum disorder of Zhuang nationality, the mental health status of their caregivers. Methods Sixty children with ASD were randomly divided into two groups: Control Group, Experimental Group, each group had 30 cases. Each group was taught with Behavior Analysis(ABA),Control Group increased individual Sandplay, experimental group increased Peer Group sandplay therapy. The changes of autism behavior rating scale(ABC), social response scale(SRS), Self-rating depression scale(SDS), self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), Memorial University of Newfoundland Happiness scale(MUNSH) were assessed, the efficacy was evaluated before and after 6 months of treatment. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in ABC scores and total scores, SRS scores and total scores(P>0.05) After intervention, there were significant differences in sensory ability, social interaction, movement, self-care, ABC score, social perception, social communication, social motivation, autism behavior and SRS score between the two groups(P<0.05) After intervention, the scores of ABC and Total Score, SRS and total score in each group were significantly different from those before intervention(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in SDS, SAS and MUNSH scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05), and there was significant difference in SAS scores between the two groups after intervention(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in SDS and MUNSH scores(P>0.05) The scores of SDS, SAS and MUNSH in each group after intervention were significantly different from those before intervention(P<0.05). Before intervention, there was a significant positive correlation between SAS score and total ABC score and Total SRS Score of experimental group(P<0.05), but the others were not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Sandplay can improve the social interaction and other symptoms of Zhuang children with autism spectrum disorder, while peer sandplay is more effective. At the same time, it can also reduce the depression and anxiety of the caregivers and improve their happiness.
作者
张春林
ZHANG Chun-Lin(Nanning Social Welfare Hospital,Nanning,Guangxi,530003,China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2022年第9期1601-1605,共5页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会科研项目(Z20200975)。
关键词
朋辈沙盘游戏
孤独症谱系障碍
社会交往
Peer group sandplay
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Social interaction
