摘要
唐代的格有两种类型:制敕编辑类和非制敕编辑类。前者因带“敕”或“年月日”的不同而有多种体例,后者体例单一,是有司将所拟定的相关规则或标准按类别逐条呈现。两种格在唐后期都有编纂,尤其后者编纂频繁。制敕编辑类格在唐后期一方面向格后敕、编敕转化,另一方面向刑部格演变;非制敕编辑类格在唐后期的作用范围日益扩大,逐渐成为格的主体。到宋代,只剩下非制敕编辑类这一种格,且因其含有规则或标准而被定义为“设于此以待彼”。学者论述唐格时不能只关注其中的一种而忽视另一种,才能避免出现议论的偏差。
There were two kinds of Ge(regulation) in the Tang dynasty:the category of compiling imperial decrees and the category of not compiling imperial decrees.The former had a variety of forms due to the different regulation texts with or without the word “chi”(imperial decree) and their different issue dates.While for the latter,relevant rules or standards were issued in order of separate categories.Both of them were compiled in the late Tang dynasty,especially the latter.In the late Tang dynasty,Ge changed either to “Ge-hou-chi”(imperial decrees issued after Ge was compiled) and “Bian-chi”,or to “Xing-bu-ge”(regulations relevant to the Ministry of Penalty).In the later period of the Tang dynasty,non-imperial decree Ge played a more and more important role and gradually became the main form of Ge.In the Song dynasty,only one kind of Ge,the one derived from non-imperial decrees,remained,and was defined as “set here to be followed” because it consisted of rules and standards.To avoid deviation in discussing Ge in the Tang dynasty,scholars should not pay attention to one kind of Ge and ignore the other.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期26-35,共10页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
唐格
格的类型
格的演变
选格
举格
Tang Ge
Types of Ge
Evolution of Ge
Promoting Ge
Electing Ge
作者简介
黄正建.中国社会科学院古代史研究所、敦煌学研究中心研究员。
