摘要
本文从逻辑公理的基本属性出发讨论"名包动"理论可能存在的逻辑三段论问题。文章逐一讨论了划分词类的各种理论方法:狭义形态特征集、句法成分匹配特征集、句法分布特征集。通过讨论证明汉语这样的孤立语只能从句法分布特征集角度区分词类。"名包动"理论逻辑三段论结构的中项两次不周延。在属种关系(上下位关系)上未能满足属概念所具有的特征种概念必须具有的要求。
This paper discusses the problems with the “noun-verb inclusion” hypothesis from the logical perspective.Based on the fundamental attributes of logical axiom,the author reveals the logical problems with the “noun-verb inclusion” Venn diagram in terms of the logical syllogism.The distinctions of different word classes can be made in terms of different set of features,including the morphological feature set in the narrow sense,syntactic constituent matching feature set,and the syntactic distribution feature set.The study shows that word class distinctions in Chinese as an isolating language can only be made according to the syntactic distribution feature set.The noun-verb inclusion hypothesis has made a mistake that the mean term in logical syllogism is not inclusive twice.In terms of the genus and species relationship(hyponymy),the noun-verb inclusion fails to meet the requirement that all the features of genus must be included in those of species.
作者
金立鑫
JIN Lixin(School of Linguistic Sciences and Arts,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China;Institute of Linguistics,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)
出处
《外国语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期2-13,共12页
Journal of Foreign Languages
关键词
“名包动”理论
逻辑公理
特征集
周延
三段论
句法分布特征
noun-verb inclusion hypothesis
logical axiom
feature set
inclusive
syllogism
syntactic distribution feature
作者简介
金立鑫,博士,教授,博士生导师。研究方向:语言类型学、汉语语法。
