摘要
本文揭示了全球化中国家间技术互补和发明人才同步跨国流入流出的趋势,试图从产品内分工和创新实践中,提出一个国际技术发现假说,探讨国家间技术互补呈现先上升后稳中下降的发生机理,揭示了各国本地化创新资源禀赋和创新体系与发明人才流动之间的超模条件和正向群分匹配效应,由此从国家间技术互补变迁视角解释了发明人才双向跨国流动先升后降的发生机制,进一步分析了各国在国家间技术互补中形成整体比较优势、在本地化创新集聚中形成分散化创新极点等典型事实。实证检验发现,国家间技术互补显著促进了发明人才双向跨国流动;随着国家间文化以及制度距离的增加,国家间技术互补对发明人才双向跨国流动的促进作用将减弱;相比于低技术和中低技术行业,高技术和中高技术行业的国家间技术互补能显著地促进发明人才双向跨国流动;行业比较优势是国家间技术互补促进发明人才双向跨国流动的重要传导机制。本文的研究结论为加快推进新一轮科技革命中国家间技术互补进一步深化、形成以自主可控技术为基础的跨国技术集群、加快“发明人才双循环”、制定发明人才多点集聚的发展战略和政策提供了启示。
This paper reveals the trend of technology complementarity between countries and the simultaneous inflow and outflow of inventors in globalization. It attempts to propose an international technology discovery hypothesis from the division of labor within products and innovation practices, and explores the trend of technology complementarity between countries rising first and then steadily declining. This paper reveals the supermodularity condition and positive assortative matching effect between the localized innovation resource endowment and innovation system and the flow of inventors of various countries, explains the occurrence mechanism of the two-way cross-border flow of inventors first rising and then falling from the perspective of technological complementarity changes between countries, and further explains the typical facts such as the overall comparative advantage formed by various countries in technological complementarity and the decentralized innovation pole formed in localized innovation agglomeration. The empirical test finds that technological complementarity between countries significantly promotes the two-way cross-border flow of inventors;with the increase of cultural and institutional distances between countries, the promoting effect of technological complementarity between countries on the two-way cross-border flow of inventors will be weakened;compared with low-tech and medium-low-tech industries, technology complementarity between countries in high-tech and medium-high-tech industries is effective in promoting the two-way cross-border flow of inventors;industry comparative advantage is an important transmission mechanism for technology complementarity between countries to promote two-way cross-border flow of inventors. The research conclusions of this paper provide inspiration for accelerating the further deepening of technology complementarity between countries in the new round of scientific and technological revolution, forming transnational technology clusters based on independent and controllable technologies, and formulating development strategies and policies for multi-point concentration of inventors.
作者
郑江淮
陈喆
康乐乐
ZHENG Jiang-huai;CHEN Zhe;KANG Le-le(Yangtze River Delta Economic and Social Development Research Center,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期23-41,共19页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新旧动能转换机制设计路径选择”(批准号18ZDA077)
南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心和中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心联合专项重大研究课题“长三角实践创新中国发展经济学:从产业集群到技术集群”(批准号CYD2022006)。
关键词
国家间技术互补
发明人才双向跨国流动
国际技术发现
行业比较优势
technology complementarity between countries
the two-way cross-border flow of inventors
international technological discovery
industry comparative advantage
作者简介
郑江淮,南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心、南京大学经济学院教授,博士生导师,经济学博士;通讯作者:陈喆,南京大学经济学院博士研究生,电子邮箱:dg20020025@smail.nju.edu.cn;康乐乐,南京大学信息管理学院副教授,管理学博士。
