摘要
【目的】建立甘薯品种(系)耐低氮能力评价体系,筛选耐低氮基因型甘薯材料和评价不同氮效率类型,为研究耐低氮甘薯生理机制和挖掘氮高效基因奠定基础。【方法】采用水培试验,以来自国内外不同薯区的126份甘薯品种(系)为材料,低氮胁迫(0 mmol·L^(-1)纯氮)和正常施氮(14 mmol·L^(-1)纯氮)处理下,收集126个品种(系)地上干重、地上干物质增加量、地下干物质增加量、总干物质增加率、根冠比、蔓长、根长、叶数、叶绿素相对含量(CCI)、氮积累量和氮素生理利用效率11个性状表征值,计算各指标耐低氮胁迫指数。利用综合隶属函数法,进行主成分分析、回归分析和聚类分析,综合评价各甘薯品种耐低氮能力和氮效率类型。【结果】1)低氮水平条件下,不同供试甘薯品种(系)的地上干重、地上部干物质增加量、地下部干物质增加量、总干物质增加率、根长、蔓长、叶数、CCI、氮素积累量的均值低于正常氮处理,根冠比和氮素生理利用效率的均值高于正常氮处理;2)不同品种(系)的地上干重、地上部干物质增加量、地下部干物质增加量、总干物质增加率、根冠比、根长、蔓长、叶数、氮素积累量和氮素生理利用效率的变异系数高于正常氮处理,且其增幅排序为地上干物质增加量>总干物质增加率>地下干物质增加量>叶数>地上干重>氮素生理利用效率>氮积累量>根长>根冠比>蔓长;3)对11个指标的耐低氮胁迫指数进行主成分分析,3个主成分的累计方差贡献率达到72.67%,计算综合评价值Y;4)地上干重、地上部干物质增加量、地下部干物质增加量、总干物质增加率、叶数、蔓长、根长、根冠比、氮积累量、氮素生理利用效率的耐低氮胁迫指数与Y值的相关性达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中,地上部干物质增加量、地下部干物质增加量、总干物质增加率、氮积累量和地上干重5项耐低氮胁迫指数的相关性较高,相关系数分别为0.85、0.86、0.81、0.79和0.73;5)建立Y值回归方程,选定耐低氮能力评价的8个指标,并进行系统聚类,划分甘薯基因型为耐低氮型、中间型、不耐低氮型3类;并对3种耐低氮甘薯类型的农艺性状和氮效率性状进行方差分析。【结论】地上干重、地上部干物质增加量,地下部干物质增加量、根长、蔓长、叶数、氮素积累量和氮素生理利用效率作为甘薯耐低氮能力评价的指标;13104-2/紫薯1号、宜宾红心薯、浙紫薯2号、渝紫3号、渝紫6号、漯紫1号和渝紫香10号7个为耐低氮型甘薯品种;耐低氮型品种的各性状表现好于中间型和不耐低氮型,其中,地上干重、地上部干物质增加量、地下部干物质增加量、蔓长和氮积累量差异显著。
【Objective】The objective of this article was to establish a low-N tolerance evaluation system for sweetpotato varieties,to screen low-N-tolerant genotypes and evaluate different N efficiency categories and to provide a theoretical basis for studying the low-N-tolerant physiological mechanism of sweetpotato varieties and mining N-efficient genes.【Method】Under the treatment of low N stress(0 mmol·L;)and normal N application(14 mmol·L;)of hydroponic experiment.Selected 126 sweetpotato varieties from different sweetpotato areas at home and abroad,we collected eleven indicators,including the shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,plant biomass increase ratio,root-to-shoot ratio,vine length,root length,leaf number,CCI,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency,and calculated the low-N tolerance index of all indicators.The study carried out principal component analysis by using the comprehensive membership function method,regression analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensively evaluate the low-N-tolerant sweetpotato varieties and N efficiency types.【Result】1)Under low N level,the average of the shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,plant biomass increase ratio,vine length,root length,leaf number,CCI,and N accumulation of 126 tested sweetpotato varieties was lower than that under normal N level,while the average of root-to-shoot ratio and nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency were higher than that under normal N level;2)The variation coefficient of shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,plant biomass increase ratio,root-to-shoot ratio,vine length,root length,leaf number,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency at low-N stress was higher than that at normal N level,and the amplification of them were ranked as shoot biomass increase>plant biomass increase ratio>root biomass increase>leaf number>shoot biomass>nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency>nitrogen accumulation>root length>root-to-shoot ratio>Vine length;3)The principal component analysis was carried out on the low-N-tolerant index of eleven indicators,extracted three principal components,the cumulative variance contribution rate of which was 72.67%,and calculated the comprehensive evaluation Y-value;4)The correlation between the low-N-tolerant index of shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,plant biomass increase ratio,leaf number,vine length,root length,root-to-shoot ratio,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency and the Y-value were highly significant(P<0.01),among them,the correlation of shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,plant biomass increase ratio,nitrogen accumulation and shoot biomass was higher,with the correlation coefficients of 0.85,0.86,0.81,0.79 and 0.73,respectively;5)The regression equation of the Y-value screened eight indicators to evaluate low-N tolerance of sweetpotato varieties,and the cluster analysis on eight indicators showed that the sweetpotato genotypes were classified into three types,low-N-tolerant,intermediate,and low-N-sensitive.The agronomic traits and N efficiency traits of three sweetpotato categories were analyzed by variance analysis.【Conclusion】Shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,root length,vine length,leaf number,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen physiological utilization efficiency were selected as the low-N tolerance evaluation indicators of sweetpotato;The study screened 7 low-N-tolerant sweetpotato varieties:13104-2/Zishu1,Yibinhongxinshu,Zhezishu 2,Yuzi 3,Yuzi 6,Luozi 1 and Yuzixiang 10;The results of variance analysis showed that the low-N-tolerant varieties performed better than the intermediate and the low-N sensitive varieties,and there are significant difference in five traits:shoot biomass,shoot biomass increase,root biomass increase,vine length and nitrogen accumulation.
作者
范文静
刘明
赵鹏
张强强
吴德祥
郭鹏宇
朱晓亚
靳容
张爱君
唐忠厚
FAN WenJing;LIU Ming;ZHAO Peng;ZHANG QiangQiang;WU DeXiang;GUO PengYu;ZHU XiaoYa;JIN Rong;ZHANG AiJun;TANG ZhongHou(College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Xuhuai Area of Jiangsu Province Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province/Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xuzhou 221131,Jiangsu)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期1891-1902,共12页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
财政部农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-10)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000704)
江苏省重点研发计划(BE2021311)。
关键词
甘薯
耐低氮能力
筛选指标
综合评价
氮效率类型
sweetpotato
low-N tolerance
screening indexes
comprehensive evaluation
N efficiency categories
作者简介
范文静,E-mail:1394441094@qq.com;通信作者:唐忠厚,E-mail:zhonghoutang@sina.com。
