摘要
旨在为大田施用土壤调理剂改善土壤碳氮状况提供理论依据。在北方冬小麦-夏玉米种植区,选用生物炭和明矾作为土壤调理剂材料,设计T1(对照)、T2(生物炭)、T3(明矾)、T4(生物炭+明矾)4个处理的两茬定位试验。结果表明,T2(生物炭)与T4(生物炭+明矾)处理改善土壤碳氮状况、提高作物产量和氮素养分吸收的效果较好。经过两茬作物种植后,T4(生物炭+明矾)处理土壤有机碳含量有所提高,为15.82 g/kg,表层土壤C/N增加为10.88。土壤硝态氮经两茬作物种植后,T4(生物炭+明矾)处理改善效果最好,0~30、30~60、60~90 cm土层分别降低86.96%、86.82%和60.41%。T2(生物炭)处理玉米籽粒产量达到11.34 t/hm2最高,其次为T4(生物炭+明矾)处理,而小麦以T4(生物炭+明矾)处理产量最高,为10.28 t/hm2。T4(生物炭+明矾)处理夏玉米和冬小麦的吸氮量均最高,分别为168.32 kg/hm2和35.49 kg/hm2。总体来看T4(生物炭+明矾)处理对改善农田土壤碳氮状况效果较好。
The study aims to provide a basis for the application of soil conditioners in field to improve soil carbon and nitrogen condition.In the winter wheat-summer maize multiple cropping area of north China,biochar and alum were used as soil conditioners,a two-planting season experiment was conducted with four treatments,T1(the control),T2(biochar),T3(alum)and T4(biochar+alum).The results showed that T2(biochar)and T4(biochar+alum)had better effects on improving soil carbon and nitrogen,increasing crop yield and nitrogen nutrient uptake compared with the control.After two planting seasons,the content of organic carbon in soil treated with T4(biochar+alum)increased by 15.82 g/kg,and the C/N of surface soil increased to10.88.Furthermore,T4(biochar+alum)treatment was efficient to reduce soil nitrate in 0-90 cm soil horizon.It was found that soil nitrate in the soil layers of 0-30,30-60 and 60-90 cm were reduced by 86.96%,86.82%and 60.41%,respectively,compared to the control.For the crop yield,the highest crop grain(11.34 t/hm2)was found in T2(biochar).However,the highest yield of wheat(10.28 t/hm2)was found in T4(biochar+alum).The nitrogen uptake of summer maize and winter wheat treated by T4(biochar+alum)were the highest,which reached 168.32 kg/hm2 and 35.49 kg/hm2.Overall,T4(biochar+alum)has better effect on improving soil carbon and nitrogen status in farmland.
作者
李晨昱
卢树昌
Li Chenyu;Lu Shuchang(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第18期97-103,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
天津市高校“学科领军人才培养计划”项目“特色作物高效生长影响因子与配套栽培技术优化模式研究”(J01009030705)
国家重点研发计划项目“高氮磷残留土壤修复与污染控制技术集成示范”(2016YFD0801006)
天津市一二三产业融合发展科技示范工程项目“农作物秸秆和污泥在盐碱地改良中应用的研究”(17ZXYENC00020)
关键词
冬小麦-夏玉米
土壤碳氮
生物炭
明矾
土壤调理剂
winter wheat-summer maize
soil carbon and nitrogen
biochar
alum
soil conditioner
作者简介
第一作者:李晨昱,女,1994年出生,山东文登人,硕士研究生,主要从事农田土壤与作物生长环境关系方面研究。通信地址:300384天津市西青区津静路22号,Tel:022-23781298,E-mail:daisycc123@126.com;通讯作者:卢树昌,男,1970年出生,河北献县人,教授,博士,主要从事农田土壤质量与植物营养的教学与科研工作。通信地址:300384天津市西青区津静路22号,Tel:022-23781298,E-mail:lsc9707@163.com。
