摘要
农业种植结构(如作物、土地利用、生产方式等)的变化对种植业碳效应的影响研究可为构建和发展低碳农业、制定农业碳减排政策提供依据.以关中平原农业转型典型区域大荔县为研究区,通过选取碳排放源,细化碳吸收作物,并基于ArcGIS平台从像元尺度分析与评价了1998-2018年大荔县农作物种植结构影响下的碳效应空间演变,运用地理探测器探究碳效应主要驱动因子.结果表明:①1998-2018年,大荔县种植业由粮食作物向水果、蔬菜等经济作物转型,现存的种植结构促使农资投入增多、经济产量提高,导致碳排放与碳吸收量增加,呈净碳吸收效应,但“高投入、高产出”的生产方式使得碳排放增长速率高于碳吸收,不利于今后低碳农业的发展.②农业碳效应的空间分异与不同地域的农业转变过程(如向水果、蔬菜的转变)及地域适宜性(农业生产条件)密切相关.③单位农业用地面积农膜使用量是影响碳效应变化的主要驱动因子,合理利用农用物资、因地制宜发展特色产业、提升农业生产效率有助于大荔县农业经济向低碳发展.
As one of the high-emitting carbon sources of global greenhouse gases,agricultural carbon emission reduction is an important measure to slow down global warming.Changes in agricultural cultivation structure(such as crops,land use,production methods,etc.)affect the carbon effect of agriculture,and the study of this issue is of great significance to the construction and development of low-carbon agriculture and the formulation of agricultural emission reduction policies.This paper take Dali county,a typical agricultural county in the Guanzhong Plain,as a case,choose five carbon sources(fertilizers,pesticides,agricultural films,irrigation and diesel),use methods and models such as parameter estimation method,IPCC inventory estimation method,ArcGIS spatial analysis,geographic detectors and so on to calculate and evaluate the spatial evolution of planting structure and its carbon effect from 1998 to 2018 on the pixel scale,finally analyzed the main driving factors of agricultural carbon effect.The results showed that:①From 1998 to 2018,the planting industry in Dali County transformed from food crops to cash crops such as fruits and vegetables.②At present,the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration of the planting industry in Dali County showed an increasing trend,with an overall net carbon sequestration effect,but the existing planting structure made the growth rate of carbon emissions higher than carbon sequestration,and the net carbon sequestration is decreasing,which is not conducive to the development of low-carbon agriculture in the future.The increases of agricultural inputs and crop production are the main reasons for the increased agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sequestration.Among the crops,fruit tree is a major source of carbon emissions,while grain crop has the strongest carbon sequestration capacity.③There are significant spatial differences in the carbon effect intensity of different crops,with high carbon emission values per unit area in the northern part of the region where fruits are dominated,and high carbon sequestration values per unit area in the southern part of the region where food crops are dominated.Except grain crop,all other crops show a net carbon emission effect.Input of agricultural materials per unit area and yield per unit area of crops greatly affect the spatial pattern of carbon emission and carbon sequestration.The effect of spatial differentiation is closely related to the process of agricultural structure transformation and the regional adaption of agricultural production.④The amount of agricultural film used per unit agricultural land area is the main driving factor influencing the change of carbon effect per unit area in Dali County.Therefore,reducing agricultural material input and improving production efficiency will make agriculture of Dali County turn to low carbon development.
作者
郎睿婷
周忠学
刘维
LANG Ruiting;ZHOU Zhongxue;LIU Wei(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xian 710119,China)
出处
《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期127-137,共11页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42071280).
关键词
大荔县
种植结构
碳排放
碳吸收
碳效应
Dali county
planting structure
carbon emission
carbon sequestration
carbon effect
作者简介
郎睿婷,硕士研究生,主要从事区域开发与城乡发展的研究;通信作者:周忠学,教授.
