摘要
通过文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,对北京冬奥会第一集团国家挪、德、中、美获奖特征进行对比分析。结果显示:本届冬奥会第一集团国家参赛人数与获金牌数量呈现出负相关特征。比较优势指数分析发现,冬季两项、北欧两项、越野滑雪是挪威的优势项目;德国北欧两项、跳台滑雪、雪车、雪橇、钢架雪车是优势项目;中国自由式滑雪、单板滑雪、短道速滑、花样滑冰、钢架雪车是其优势项目;美国自由式滑雪、花样滑冰、冰球、单板滑雪、雪车为其优势项目。本届奥运会深入贯彻男女参奥平等理念,但四国呈现出“男多女少”的获奖特征;四国总体上各金、银、铜牌上面也呈现出“男多女少”的特征。挪威与德国男女获奖差别较大,男多女少;中国与德国基本呈现出男女平等的获奖特征。第一集团的四个国家大多数获得金牌的项目都以技能主导,表现准确性为主;体能主导类,速度性与耐力型为辅。欧洲国家以技能为主导类,中国与美国以技战能为主导类。
Through the research methods of literature review,mathematical statistics and other methods,the medal winning characteristics of the first tier countries in the Winter Olympic Games including Norway,Germany,China and the United States were analyzed.The results showed that the number of participants and the number of gold medals showed negative correlation.Comparison of advantage indexes showed that biathlon,Nordic combined and cross-country skiing are the advantageous sports of Norway;Nordic combined,ski jump,bobsleigh,luge,skeleton are the advantageous sports of Germany;the freestyle skiing,snowboarding,short track speed skating,figure skating,skeleton are the advantageous sports of China;the freestyle skiing,figure skating,ice hockey,snowboarding,bobsleigh are the advantageous sports of the United States.The Games thoroughly implemented the concept of gender equality,but the four countries have“more men and fewer women”.Most of the gold-winning events in the four countries are featured by skills and accuracy,instead of by speed or endurance.
作者
董晔
Dong Ye(Shandong University,Jining 250013,Shangdong,China)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2022年第5期30-33,共4页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
关键词
冬奥会
中国
挪威
比较优势
奖牌榜
Winter Olympics
China
Norway
comparative advantage
medal tally
作者简介
董晔(2000-),女,山东济宁人,在读硕士,研究方向:体育教学。
