摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合益生菌制剂(CPP)和菊粉(IN)对育肥牛生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃发酵和血液代谢的影响。采用2×2双因子完全随机试验设计,主因子分别为CPP(饲粮中不添加或添加20 g/d的CPP)和IN(饲粮中不添加或添加2%的IN)。选取约1周岁、体重(403±12)kg、健康的西门塔尔杂交肉牛20头,随机分为4组,每组5头牛。各组分别饲喂基础饲粮、基础饲粮+CPP、基础饲粮+IN以及基础饲粮+CPP+IN。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加CPP或IN显著提高了育肥牛末重和平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低了料重比(P<0.05)。CPP和IN互作显著提高了育肥牛平均日增重(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加CPP显著提高了干物质、粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维表观消化率(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加IN显著提高了粗蛋白质表观消化率(P<0.05)。CPP和IN互作有提高粗蛋白质表观消化率的趋势(P=0.063)。3)饲粮中添加CPP显著提高了瘤胃丙酸和氨态氮浓度(P<0.05),显著增加了瘤胃白色瘤胃球菌、琥珀酸丝状杆菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌和栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了瘤胃原虫数量(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加IN显著降低了瘤胃pH(P<0.05),显著提高了瘤胃丙酸浓度及琥珀酸丝状杆菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌数量(P<0.05)。CPP和IN互作有提高瘤胃溶纤维丁酸弧菌数量的趋势(P=0.069)。4)饲粮中添加CPP显著提高了血清总抗氧化能力及葡萄糖、总蛋白含量(P<0.05),显著降低了血清尿素氮和丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加IN显著提高了血清葡萄糖和总蛋白含量(P<0.05),显著降低了血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05)。CPP和IN互作有提高血清总蛋白含量的趋势(P=0.089)。由此可见,饲粮中单独添加CPP或IN均可增加瘤胃琥珀酸丝状杆菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌数量和丙酸浓度,提高粗蛋白质表观消化率和氮利用率,从而提高育肥牛生长性能和饲料效率。CPP与IN互作有提高瘤胃溶纤维丁酸弧菌数量、粗蛋白质表观消化率和蛋白质合成的趋势,从而提高育肥牛生长性能。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary complex probiotic preparation(CPP)and innulin(IN)on growth performance,nutrient digestion,rumen fermentation and blood metabolism of finishing bulls.A 2×2 two-factor completely randomized design was adopted,and the principal factors were CPP(dietary no added or added 20 g/d CPP)and IN(dietary no added or added 2%IN),respectively.Twenty 1-year-old healthy Simmental crossbred bulls with body weight of(403±12)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 bulls per group.Bulls in the four groups were fed with basal diet,basal diet+CPP,basal diet+IN and basal diet+CPP+IN,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary CPP or IN significantly increased the final weight and average daily gain of finishing bulls(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio(P<0.05).The CPP and IN interaction significantly increased the average daily gain of finishing bulls(P<0.05).2)Dietary CPP significantly increased the apparent digestibilities of dry matter,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber(P<0.05).Dietary IN significantly increased the crude protein apparent digestibility(P<0.05).The CPP and IN interaction trended to increase the crude protein apparent digestibility(P=0.063).3)Dietary CPP significantly increased the concentrations of propionate and ammonia nitrogen in rumen(P<0.05),significantly increased the numbers of Ruminobacter albus,Fibrobacter succinogenes,Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Prevotella ruminicola(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the protozoa number(P<0.05).Dietary IN significantly increased the rumen pH(P<0.05),and significantly increased the propionate concentration and Fibrobacter succinogenes and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens numbers in rumen(P<0.05).The CPP and IN interaction trended to increase the rumen Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens number(P=0.069).4)Dietary CPP significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity and contents of glucose and total protein in serum(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the contents of urea nitrogen and malondialdehyde in serum(P<0.05).Dietary IN significantly increased the contents of glucose and total protein in serum(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the serum urea nitrogen content(P<0.05).The CPP and IN interaction trended to increase the serum total protein content(P=0.089).In general,dietary CPP or IN alone can increase the Fibrobacter succinogenes and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens numbers and propionate concentration in rumen,improve the crude protein apparent digestibility and nitrogen utilization,thereby improve the growth performance and feed efficiency of finishing bulls.The CPP and IN interaction trend to increase the Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens number,crude protein apparent digestibility and protein synthesis,thus improve the growth performance of fattening bulls.
作者
刘永青
刘辰
冯泽伟
张凯
刘强
LIU Yongqing;LIU Chen;FENG Zewei;ZHANG Kai;LIU Qiang(Department of Life Sciences,Luliang University,Lishi 033001,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期2446-2456,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0974)
吕梁市科技计划项目(2021NYGG-2-65)。
关键词
复合益生菌制剂
菊粉
养分消化
氮利用
育肥牛
complex probiotic preparation
insulin
nutrient digestion
nitrogen utilization
finishing bulls
作者简介
刘永青(1985—),男,山西柳林人,讲师,硕士,研究方向为动物营养与生化。E-mail:liuyongqing07@163.com;通信作者:刘强,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:liuqiangabc@163.com。
