摘要
人力资源管理的演变与科技革命密切相关。当前,代表最新技术力量的人工智能已进入工作场所。这些技术将如何影响人力资源管理实践,是否会带来人力资源管理模式的变革,这一问题受到学术界越来越多关注。本文采取弱技术决定论视角,重视技术的异质性、技术的应用以及情境的差异,循着"技术路线"-"技术应用"-"技术影响"-"模式变革"的框架展开研究。首先对人工智能三大技术流派进行介绍,通过纵向梳理三者的发展轨迹,深入对比三者的技术差异。接着从技术应用出发,逐一分析各流派影响人力资源管理实践的具体逻辑,并辨析这种影响是否会带来人力资源管理模式的变革。最后,本文指出人工智能时代并不存在一个绝对的人力资源管理模式,人力资源管理究竟会演化为何种模式与工作的智能化程度密切相关。在此基础上,本文尝试构建了一个人工智能时代人力资源管理模式演变的分析框架,并对甄别到的四种典型情境下的人力资源管理模式进行介绍,以期对未来研究有所启示。本文通过考察人工智能技术对企业人力资源管理的影响,在理论上丰富了人工智能时代的技术与组织研究。
The evolution of human resource management(HRM)is closely related to the technological revolution.At present,artificial intelligence(AI),which represents the latest technological power,has been introduced into the workplace.The question that what impact these technologies have exerted on HRM practices and whether they will change the paradigm of HRM has attracted considerable attention.Based on the perspective of moderate determinism,we emphasize the importance of the heterogeneous of technology,the human usage of technology,and contextual factors,and try to answer the question following the logic of"technology features","technology application","technology impact",and"paradigm shift".We first introduce the three major schools of AI,comparing their technical characteristics,and sorting out their development trajectory.Next,focusing on the human usage of AI,we analyze the specific logic of each school influencing the practice of HRM,and clarify whether this influence will bring about a paradigm shift of HRM.Finally,we point out that there is no solely definite HRM paradigm in the era of AI.What kind of paradigm HRM will evolve into is mostly dependent on the degree of intelligence of work.This paper attempts to construct an analytical framework for the study on the evolution of HRM paradigm in the era of AI and give a tentative introduction to the paradigm shift in each of the four situations identified,in the hope of providing directions for future research.This paper theoretically contributes to technology and organization scholarship by offering insights into how AI affects HRM practices and HRM paradigm in the era of AI.
作者
张建民
顾春节
杨红英
Jianmin ZHANG;Chunjie GU;Hongying Yang(School of Business and Tourism Management,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500)
出处
《中国人力资源开发》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期17-34,共18页
Human Resources Development of China
基金
云南省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB2021014)
云南大学国家社科基金培育项目(2021YNUGSP014)。
关键词
人工智能
人力资源管理
智能增强
智能替代
模式演变
Artificial Intelligence
Human Resource Management
Intelligent Augmentation
Intelligent Automation
Paradigm Evolution
作者简介
通讯作者:顾春节,电子邮箱:chunjiegu@hotmail.com。
