摘要
试验旨在研究日粮中添加植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillu plantarum,LP)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,BS)及其复合菌对育肥猪屠宰性能和肠道微生物的影响。选取(50±1.5)kg的杜×长×大育肥猪72头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复(圈),每个重复(圈)6头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1 g/kg LP、BS及复合菌(活菌数≥1.0×10^(10) CFU/g)。预试期7 d,正试期51 d。试验结束时每个重复随机抽取2头猪进行屠宰测定。结果表明:LP、BS及复合菌组平均背膘厚低于对照组(P<0.05),瘦肉率、肌内脂肪含量均高于对照组(P<0.05);LP、BS与复合菌组肌肉油酸、二十二烯酸含量高于对照组(P<0.05),亚油酸含量升高(P<0.01);各组相对丰度超过1%的优势菌门有厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门,与对照组相比,LP、BS与复合菌组厚壁菌门相对丰度提高(P<0.05),而变形菌门和放线菌门丰度降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,LP、BS与复合菌组普雷沃氏菌科丰度降低(P<0.05),梭菌科相对丰度提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,日粮中添加LP、BS及其复合菌均能够提高育肥猪瘦肉率,提高肌肉中赖氨酸、油酸、亚油酸含量,改善肉品质并提高育肥猪肠道菌群结构多样性。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Lactobacillu plantarum,Bacillus subtilis,or a combination of both,on slaughter performance and feces microflora of finishing pigs.A total of 72 healthy finishing pigs with an average body weight of(50±1.5)kg were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 3 replicates of 6 pigs per replicate.The control group was fed basal diet,and other three groups were subjected to a diet of 0.1 g/kg LP,BS or both of them at basal diet(viable bacteria count≥1.0×10^(10) CFU/g),respectively.The adaptation period was 7 days and the experimental period was 51 days.At the end of the trial,two pigs were randomly selected from each replicate and slaughtered.Results indicated the following,compared with the control group,the average backfat thickness in groups LP,BS and complex bacteria was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the lean meat percentage and the intramuscular fat content were significantly increased(P<0.05).In terms of fatty acid composition in meat,compared with the control group,the contents of oleic acid and eicosadienoic acid in groups LP,BS and complex bacteria were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the contents of linoleic acid was significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the abundance of Firmicutes in groups LP,BS and complex bacteria was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the abundance of Euryarchaeota in group LP was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the abundance of Prevotellaceae in groups LP,BS and complex bacteria was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the abundance of Clostridiaceae was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,finishing pigs fed diet supplementation with LP,BS and their compound bacteria could improve the lean meat rate,the content of lysine,oleic acid and linoleic acid in muscle,improve meat quality in livestock and improve gut microfloral composition.
作者
张国梁
徐艳
王煜琦
宋春阳
于光辉
ZHANG Guoliang;XU Yan;WANG Yuqi;SONG Chunyang;YU Guanghui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Shandong Qingdao 266109,China;Office of Academic Affairs,Qingdao Agricultural University,Shandong Qingdao 266109,China)
出处
《中国畜牧杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第12期217-222,共6页
Chinese Journal of Animal Science
基金
山东省农业良种工程(2019LZGC019,2020LZGC012)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系生猪创新团队项目(SDAIT-08-08)。
关键词
植物乳杆菌
枯草芽孢杆菌
育肥猪
屠宰性能
肉品质
微生物区系
Lactobacillu plantarum
Bacillus subtilis
Finishing pigs
Slaughter performance
Meat quality
Microfloral composition
作者简介
张国梁(1986-),男,山东即墨人,博士,副教授,研究方向动物遗传育种与繁殖,E-mail:goldenguoliang@163.com;通讯作者:于光辉(1982-),男,山东平度人,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为猪营养调控与育种,E-mail:guanghuiyu@qau.edu.cn。
