摘要
目的了解湖南省食源性沙门菌感染的流行病学特征,为沙门菌感染的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学的方法,对湖南省10家食源性疾病监测哨点医院的沙门菌感染病例的流行病学信息和实验室检测结果进行统计分析。结果2015—2019年共收集到7506例食源性疾病病例和生物标本,沙门菌检出率为9.75%,以鼠伤寒沙门菌为优势血清型(占68.17%),进食场所86.61%为家庭,18岁以下人群沙门菌检出率(占58.41%)较高,随着年龄增加,沙门菌检出率有下降趋势(χ^(2)=126.700,P<0.001);发热、脱水病例的沙门菌检出率高于未发热(χ^(2)=309.088,P<0.001)、未脱水病例(χ^(2)=28.291,P<0.001);食用水果及其制品(χ^(2)=19.798,P<0.001)、婴幼儿食品(χ^(2)=14.344,P=0.038)、混合食品(χ^(2)=5.125,P<0.001)、蔬菜及其制品(χ^(2)=4.316,P<0.001)、豆及豆制品(χ^(2)=11.146,P=0.001)的病例检出率高于未食用病例;不同季度沙门菌检出率存在差异,二、三季度较一、四季度检出率高(χ^(2)=88.926,P<0.001)。结论家庭是湖南省沙门菌感染的主要场所,沙门菌确诊病例的暴露食品主要为乳与乳制品、粮食及其制品、水果及其制品,提示应加强家庭食品安全知识科普宣传,提高防病意识。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features of foodborne Salmonella infection in Hunan Province so as to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to statistically analyze the epidemiological information and laboratory test results of Salmonella infection cases from 10 foodborne disease surveillance sentinel hospitals in Hunan Province.Results A total of 7,506 foodborne disease cases and their biological specimens were collected from 2015 to 2019.The positive detection rate of Salmonella was 9.75%,and Salmonella typhimurium was the dominant serotype(accounting for 68.17%).In terms of the place of food ingestion,86.61% of the cases occurred at home.The positive detection rate of Salmonella was higher in patients aged below 18 years(accounting for 58.41%).With the increase of age,the positive detection rate of Salmonella showed a downward trend(χ^(2)=126.700,P<0.001).The positive detection rates of Salmonella in fever and dehydration cases were higher than those in non-fever(χ^(2)=309.088,P<0.001)and non-dehydration cases(χ^(2)=28.291,P<0.001).The positive detection rates of cases with intake of fruits and their products(χ^(2)=19.798,P<0.001),infant foods(χ^(2)=14.344,P=0.038),mixed foods(χ^(2)=5.125,P<0.001),vegetables and their products(χ^(2)=4.316,P<0.001),beans and soy products(χ^(2)=11.146,P=0.001)were higher than those of uneaten cases.The positive detection rate of Salmonella was different in different seasons,and the positive detection rate was higher in the second and third quarters than in the first and fourth quarters(χ^(2)=88.926,P<0.001).Conclusion Salmonella infection in Hunan Province mainly occurred at home.The exposed foods of the confirmed cases of Salmonella infection were mainly milk and dairy products,grain and their products,and fruits and their products.The results suggest that popular science propaganda about family food safety knowledge should be strengthened and the awareness of disease prevention should be improved.
作者
吴诗蓝
段宏波
贾华云
王春娥
熊家豪
梁进军
赖天兵
WU Shi-lan;DUAN Hong-bo;JIA Hua-yun;WANG Chun-e;XIONG Jia-hao;LIANG Jin-jun;LAI Tian-bing(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2021年第12期1428-1432,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
湖南省卫生厅科研基金(B2015-135)。
作者简介
吴诗蓝(1992-),女,硕士,医师,研究方向:食源性疾病;通信作者:梁进军,E-mail:45029523@qq.com;通信作者:赖天兵,E-mail:171727444@qq.com。
