摘要
【目的】明确多年生水稻田间节肢动物群落组成,分析其群落特征及稳定性,为多年生水稻田间害虫综合治理提供科学依据。【方法】通过扫网法、盘拍法、目测法以及诱集法,采用5点取样调查记录多年生水稻及常规水稻田间节肢动物种类和数量,利用群落特征指数和主成分分析方法对多年生水稻稻田节肢动物群落特征进行分析。【结果】多年生水稻第1季田间害虫共17种、田间天敌共20种,第2季田间害虫共15种、田间天敌共27种。多年生水稻田间害虫个体数高于同年常规水稻,且多年生水稻第2季田间害虫个体数较第1季高。多年生水稻第2季田间节肢动物群落多样性指数和均匀性指数较第1季略低,优势度指数和优势集中性指数较第1季高。多年生水稻第2季田间节肢动物群落S_(s)/S_(i)值、S_(p)/S_(b)值和S_(a)/S_(b)值均显著低于第1季和常规水稻(P<0.05),而S_(n)/S_(p)值和S_(n)/S_(a)值则均显著高于第1季和常规水稻(P<0.05)。随着种植季度的增加,多年生水稻田间主导节肢动物群落变化的最主要因子由第1季稻田的刺吸类害虫的物种数量以及卷叶类害虫、钻蛀性害虫和捕食性天敌的个体数量的综合因子变为第2季稻田的刺吸类害虫和卷叶类害虫的物种数量和个体数量以及食叶类害虫和捕食性天敌的物种数量的综合因子。【结论】多年生水稻第2季田间害虫数量更高,节肢动物群落稳定性更低,在多年生水稻种植过程中随着种植周期的循环和增长,应着重防治刺吸类、卷叶类和钻蛀性害虫,以保证多年生水稻的安全生产。
[Purpose]To clarify the composition of arthropod community in perennial rice field,analyze its community characteristics and stability,and provide scientific basis for integrated pest management in perennial rice planting.[Method]The five points sampling method,incorporating sweep sampling,plate beating,visual inspection and trapping were used to record the number of arthropod in perennial and conventional rice fields,and the community characteristics of arthropods in perennial rice field were analyzed by using community characteristic index and principal component analysis.[Result]There were 17 species of pest and 20 species of enemy in the first season of perennial rice,and there were 15 species of pest and 27 species of enemy in the second season.The individual number of pests in perennial rice field was higher than that of conventional rice in the same year,and the individual number of pests in the second season of perennial rice field was higher than that of the first season.The diversity index and evenness index of arthropod community in the second season of perennial rice field were slightly lower than those in the first season,and the dominance index and dominance concentration index were higher than those in the first season.The values of S_(s)/S_(i),S_(p)/S_(b) and S_(a)/S_(b) of arthropod community in the second season of perennial rice field were significantly lower than those in the first season and conventional rice field(P<0.05),while the values of S_(n)/S_(p) and S_(n)/S_(a) were significantly higher than those in the first season and conventional rice field(P<0.05).With the increase of planting season,the most important factors for the change of arthropod community in perennial rice field changed from the comprehensive factors of species number of sucking pests and individual number of leaf roller pests,borer pests and predatory enemies in the first season to comprehensive factors of the species number and individual number of sucking pests and leaf roller pests and species number of leaf-feeding pests and predatory enemies in the second season.[Conclusion]The number of pests in the second season of perennial rice was higher,and the stability of arthropod community was lower than that in the first season.With the increase of planting season of perennial rice,the sucking pests,leaf roller pests and borer pests should be focused on prevention and control to ensure the safe production of perennial rice.
作者
羊绍武
傅杨
李星星
蒋正雄
张晓明
陈国华
YANG Shaowu;FU Yang;LI Xingxing;JIANG Zhengxiong;ZHANG Xiaoming;CHEN Guohua(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,National Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期775-782,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
云南省科技计划项目(2016BB001)
云南大学服务云南行动计划项目(2016ZD03)。
关键词
多年生水稻
节肢动物群落
群落特征
主成分分析
perennial rice
arthropod community
community characteristics
principal component analysis
作者简介
羊绍武(1991-),男,四川绵阳人,在读博士研究生,主要从事昆虫生态与害虫综合治理研究。E-mail:yangshaowu910@126.com;通信作者:张晓明(1984-),男,云南昌宁人,博士,副教授,主要从事生物入侵学及生态学研究。E-mail:zxmalex@126.com;通信作者:陈国华(1964-),女,云南昆明人,博士,教授,主要从事害虫综合治理研究。E-mail:chenghkm@126.com。
