摘要
金属铝粉具有活性高、耗氧量低、燃烧焓高和密度大等优良性能,广泛应用于提高火炸药和固体推进剂能量特性的研究中。过渡金属Cu对铝粉的燃烧具有良好的催化作用,可以使铝粉燃烧更充分。端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)作为固体推进剂黏合剂组分,均匀地包覆在铝基复合粒子表面,可有效地阻止表面氧化和团聚,且有利于药柱压装固化成型。以乙酰丙酮铜为铜源,甲醛和肼为还原剂,采用一锅法液相还原制备HTPB/Cu/μAl复合粒子。通过IR、XRD、SEM和EDS对样品的结构和形貌进行表征,同时研究了HTPB/Cu/μAl对AP热分解的催化行为。结果表明,还原出来的Cu以粒子形式散落在铝粉表面,HTPB则均匀包覆在Cu/μAl的表面。HTPB/Cu/μAl的DSC曲线在150~350℃范围内同时出现过渡金属Cu的氧化放热峰和HTPB的分解放热峰,但包覆对微米铝粉在550℃的氧化放热峰基本没有影响。HTPB/Cu/μAl的平均活化能为287.2 kJ·mol-1,相比于μAl平均活化能(323.55 kJ·mol-1)降低了36.35 kJ·mol-1。加入HTPB/Cu/μAl复合材料后,AP的高温和低温分解峰均发生变化,其中高温热分解温度较纯AP降低了127℃,表明HTPB/Cu/μAl复合材料可促进AP的热分解行为。
Aluminum powder was widely used to improve the energy characteristics of explosives and solid propellants due to its excellent properties,such as high activity,high density,high combustion enthalpy and low oxygen consumption.The transition metal Cu had a good catalytic effect on the combustion of aluminum powder and could make the aluminum powder burn more completely.As a binder component of solid propellant,hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)was beneficial to prevent the oxidation and agglomeration of aluminum particles,accordingly in favor of the press‐packing and curing while uniformly coating on the surface of aluminum particles.Using the copper acetylacetonate as copper source,formaldehyde and hydrazine as reducing agent,HTPB/Cu/μAl composite particles were prepared by one‐pot liquid phase reduction.The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by IR,XRD,SEM and EDS.Meanwhile,the catalytic performance of HTPB/Cu/μAl on the decomposition of AP was studied.The results showed that the reduced Cu particles were scattered on the surface of aluminum particles,and HTPB was evenly coating on the surface of Cu/μAl.In the DSC curve of HTPB/Cu/μAl,the oxidation exothermic peak of transition metal Cu and the decomposition exothermic peak of HTPB appeared simultaneously between 150-350℃.However,the coating had almost no effect on the oxidation exothermic peak of micron aluminum powder at 550℃.The average activation energy of HTPB/Cu/μAl was 287.2 kJ·mol-1,which was 36.35 kJ·mol-1 lower than that ofμAl(323.55 kJ·mol-1).Both of the decomposition peaks of AP at high temperature and low temperature had changes when HTPB/Cu/μAl composites were added.Compared with pure AP,the exothermic decomposition peak at high temperature of HTPB/Cu/μAl/AP was reduced by 127℃,indicating that the HTPB/Cu/μAl composites could promote the thermal decomposition behavior of AP.
作者
李廷润
郭春雨
包淑霞
赵洋洋
杜振国
吴瑞凤
LI Ting-run;GUO Chun-yu;BAO Shu-xia;ZHAO Yang-yang;DU Zhen-guo;WU Rui-feng(School of Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010050,China)
出处
《含能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期897-903,共7页
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
关键词
乙酰丙酮铜
还原包覆
HTPB/Cu/μAl
一锅法
液相还原
热分解
copper acetylacetonate
reduction coating
HTPB/Cu/μAl
one pot method
liquid phase reduction
thermal decomposition
作者简介
李廷润(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事复合功能材料研究。e‐mail:1224817608@qq.com;通信联系人:吴瑞凤(1970-),女,教授,主要从事复杂体系的物理化学研究。e‐mail:rfwu02@imut.edu.cn。
