摘要
断层破碎带的宽度—位移关系对断层发育机制研究与致密储层的勘探开发具有重要意义。露头研究一般认为断层破碎带的宽度与位移呈幂律关系,但往往难以获得地下走滑断层破碎带的宽度与位移数据。在走滑断裂精细解析基础上,结合断层破碎带的井—震响应分析,通过塔里木盆地塔中、塔北地区10条走滑断裂带三维地震资料测量断层破碎带的宽度与高差,研究断层破碎带宽度与高差的分布及其相关关系,探讨碳酸盐岩断层破碎带的分布规律。结果表明:(1)塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩断层破碎带发育,破碎带宽度超过1000 m,一般在100~700 m,不同地区与不同岩性碳酸盐岩断层破碎带具有相似的宽度分布范围;(2)碳酸盐岩断层破碎带的宽度与高差具有较好的正相关性,断层破碎带宽度/高差比值高达70,一般在3~16,回归分析同一条断层的破碎带宽度是高差的4~12倍;(3)大多碳酸盐岩断层破碎带的宽度与位移以幂律关系继承性发育,但其中部分快速生长,而另一部分减速生长,并造成数据的分散性。结果揭示:(1)断层破碎带的宽度与高差相关性分析的方法可以用来预测碳酸盐岩断层破碎带的分布;(2)即便在相同的构造背景与岩性条件下,同一条断层破碎带的宽度与位移也可能不是简单的线性或幂律关系,而是呈现多趋势或多阶段的分布规律。
Objectives: The relationship between the fault damage zone width and displacement is useful for fault process study and tight reservoir exploitation in the deep subsurface. However,the relationship is not generally display a power-law-scaling relationship and is difficult to assess the fault elements along the strike-slip fault in the deep subsurface. Together with the analysis of the new 3 D seismic responses,this paper presents a detailed fault attributes measurement and correlation analysis between the fault damage zone width and displacement of the strikeslip fault damage zones from the Lower Palaeozoic carbonates in the Tarim basin. Further,we discuss the fault damage zone width distribution along the fault zones.Methods: With a detailed interpretation of the Ordovician carbonates by high resolution 3-D seismic data from the deep subsurface,we use height difference between the maximum and minimum altitude of the fault zone as a proxy for the vertical throw in seismic profiles. Constrained by seismic responds of the fault damage zone,we identify the fault damage zone envelop by the fault seismic coherence and amplitude change from the seismic profile,which is corrected by the seismic attributes and well data. Further,we measure the fault height difference and damage zone width from 10 strike-slip fault zones in the Tarim Basin. Finally,we analysis the relationship between the fault damage zone width and height difference.Results: The results showed that:(1) the carbonate fault damage zones developed in the Lower Paleozoic of the Tarim basin. The damage zone width is up to 3000 m,and generally in the range of 100 ~ 700 m,in which the width distribution is similar from different regions and lithology;(2) there is good positive relationship between the fault damage zone width and height difference. Although a few values of the fault damage zone width/high difference are up to 70,most of them are in the range of 3 ~ 16;(3) most damage zone width grows with the displacement increase in power-law relationship,but some have higher enlarge rate,and some slow down with the height difference increase with a same tectonic background and lithology in a fault zone,which resulted in the data scatter.Conclusions: By comprehensive analysis,the results indicate that height difference is an effective parameter for damage zone width prediction and scaling along strike-slip fault damage zone in the subsurface. The correlation between fault damage zone and displacement does not follow a simple linear or power law relationship,but shows in two trends or two stages to show different damage zone growth processes in the Tarim Basin.
作者
袁敬一
邬光辉
万效国
邓卫
刘瑞东
YUAN Jingyi;WU Guanghui;WAN Xiaoguo;DENG Wei;LIU Ruidong(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Tarim Oilfield Company,Korla,Xingjiang,841000;Southwestern Petroleum University,Chengdu,610500;Qiangtang Institute of Sedimentary Basin,Southwestern Petroleum University,Chengdu,610500)
出处
《地质论评》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1487-1496,共10页
Geological Review
基金
中国石油股份公司重大专项(编号:2018E-1806)
中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目(编号:2020CX010301)
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项目(编号:91955204)的成果。
关键词
断层破碎带
碳酸盐岩
破碎带宽度
高差
分布
塔里木盆地
fault damage zone
carbonate
damage zone width
hight difference
distribution
Tarim Basin
作者简介
袁敬一,女,1987年生,硕士,工程师,主要从事地球探测与信息技术研究,Email:yuanjy-tlm@petrochina.con.cn;通讯作者:邬光辉,男,1971年生,博士,教授,主要从事构造地质研究,Email:wugh@swpu.edu.cn。
