摘要
法的抵触发生于初级规则之间,与法的违反情形不同。下位规则与上位法的抵触可以分为逻辑抵触和非逻辑抵触,两者不可混淆。逻辑抵触的原因是规则特定成分间的不一致,具体而言,包括规范词不一致,法律后果不一致,以及构成要件收缩、交叉等情形。而构成要件的扩张、相异等则不必然构成逻辑抵触。非逻辑抵触涉及价值的衡量,历来存在判断上的困境。但在中央和地方立法关系的规范框架下,可根据自主性立法、执行性立法和先行性立法的分类,确定不同的抵触认定标准。调整地方性事务的规则在非逻辑抵触的判断标准上应更加宽松,即便对上位法的目的构成阻碍,也不应直接判定其抵触上位法。
Contradiction of law,which is different from violation of law,exists between primary rules.The contradiction between upper-level rules and lower-level rules could be divided into two categories:logical contradiction and non-logical contradiction,which should not be confused.The cause of logical contradiction is the inconsistency between specific legal constituents which include normative terms,legal effects and constitutive elements.The expansion or variation of constitutive elements will not necessarily lead to contradiction between rules but contraction or overlap of those elements will.Non-logical contradiction is difficult to judge since it relates to balance of values.However,we can still find out the standard of contradiction according to the classification of autonomous legislation,executive legislation and preceding legislation under the centrallocal relationship framework.The rules adjusting local affairs should be given more room when we judge non logical conflict.Even if they hinders the purpose of the superior law,conflict of rules should not be concluded directly.
作者
俞祺
YU Qi(Peking University Law School)
出处
《法学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期57-69,193,共14页
The Jurist
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“地方性立法事务与央地立法权分配研究”(19CFX025)阶段性成果。
关键词
抵触
规则不一致
央地关系
地方性事务
Contradiction
Inconsistency of Rules
Central-local Relationship
Local Affairs
作者简介
俞祺,法学博士,北京大学法学院助理教授。
