摘要
采用资料收集、遥感等调查方法监测查明了湖南省矿山地质环境破坏情况。结果表明,采矿活动引起全省土地破坏38892处,面积达458.727 km2,其中建材和非金属矿矿种占用破坏土地最为严重。465个矿山共发生807处地质灾害,其中地面变形、滑坡和崩塌主要发生在能源矿山,分别有530,29,10处,泥石流主要发生在有色金属矿山,占21处。全省2296个矿山年排放废水达35568.97万m3,229个矿山发生水环境污染250处,污染水体6.763 km2。全省有2701个矿山年排放煤矸石、废石及尾矿共计1334.3万m3。共有895个矿山发生了土石污染,污染面积57.488 km2。采用矿山地质环境综合影响评价方法将全省673个矿山划为严重、3197个矿山划为较重、6962个矿山划为较轻。通过对矿山地质环境进行整治分区,将全省共划分38个保护整治区,其中20个重点整治区、17个次重点整治区、1个一般整治区。最后对湖南省矿山地质环境破坏影响情况进行评价,并提出针对性意见,为我国绿色矿山建设和生态文明建设提供有力支撑。
The mine geological environment destruction was investigated by means of data collection and remote sensing in Hunan Province. The results show that mining activities have caused 38 892 places of land damage in the province, covering an area of 458.727 km2, in which building materials and nonmetallic minerals occupy the most serious land damage. A total of 807 geological disasters occurred in 465 mines, in which ground deformation, landslides and collapses mainly occurred in energy mines, accounting for 530, 29 and 10 places respectively, and debris flows mainly occurred in nonferrous metal mines, accounting for 21 places. The annual discharge of wastewater reached 355 689 700 m3 from 2296 mines in the province, 250 places of water environmental pollution occurred in 229 mines, and 6.763 km2 of water bodies were polluted. There were 2701 mines that discharge gangue, waste rock and tailings a total of 13 343 000 m3 annually in the province. A total of 895 mines were contaminated by soil and rock, covering an area of 57.488 km2.The comprehensive impact evaluation method of mine geological environment destruction was adopted to classify 673 mines as serious, 3197 mines as heavier and 6962 mines as lighter. The whole province was divided into 38 protection and remediation areas, including 20 key remediation areas, 17 sub-key remediation areas and 1 general remediation area through the remediation of the mine geological environment. Finally, the influence of mine geological environment destruction was evaluated in Hunan Province, and targeted suggestions were put forward, which can provide a strong support for green mines and ecological civilization construction in China.
作者
黄栋良
梅金华
何卫平
HUANG Dongliangx;MEI Jinhua;HE Weiping(Hunan Engineering Polytechnic,Changsha,Hunan 410151,China;Hunan Center of Natural Resources Affairs,Changsha»Hunan 410017,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第9期118-124,共7页
Mining Research and Development
基金
湘财建指[2016](2121299)。
关键词
地质环境
生态修复
影响评价
Geological environment
Ecological restoration
Impact evaluation
作者简介
黄栋良(1979-),男,江西南昌人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事生态环境保护修复.E-mail:15138899@qq.com。
