摘要
渔业冲突是南海争端的重要内容,它主要在专属经济区重叠海域与岛礁归属争议海域两种情境下发生。既有研究对此未进行明确区分,通常笼统地把争议海域作为争端国在渔业冲突中的政策背景。事实上,争端国在两种情境下的政策选择出于完全不同的逻辑。由于只涉及专属经济区重叠的争议海域类似一块“公地”,同时渔业资源具有共享性,促使争端国奉行竭泽而渔的政策而缺乏合作治理的动力。在岛礁归属争议海域,争端国面临控制或投入两种维权现状,损益认知构成其判断维权形势是否有利的决策参照点。根据维权现状的损益框架,争端国赋予渔业议题政治属性,将渔业冲突框定为主权和管辖权争端。
The fishery conflict is an important part of the South China Sea dispute,which mainly occurs in two different contexts:the Exclusive Economic Zone Overlapping seas and the disputed seas of island reefs belongings.Existing studies did not distinguish the different situations of the disputed sea area,but regarded it as an indistinguishable whole and used it as the background for the occurrence of fishery conflicts.In fact,there are totally different causes for fishery conflicts in two scenarios.In waters involving only overlapping Exclusive Economic Zones,due to the ambiguity of jurisdiction,the disputed sea area resembles a“common land”,and the shared nature of fisheries resources,the disputing countries pursue the policy of exhaustion and lack the incentive to cooperate in governance.In the disputed waters of islands and reefs,the disputants are faced with two status quo of control or investment to maintain their rights,and the perception of profit and loss constitutes a reference point for their decision to judge whether the situation of maintaining rights is favorable.Under the profit-and-loss framework of the status quo of rights maintenance,disputant states assign political attributes to fisheries issues,framing fisheries conflicts as disputes over sovereignty and jurisdiction.
作者
余文全
YU Wenquan(College of Politics and Public Administration,Qingdao University,Qingdao,China)
出处
《东南亚研究》
CSSCI
2021年第4期106-123,154,共19页
Southeast Asian Studies
关键词
渔业冲突
南海争端
专属经济区
岛礁归属争议海域
议题框定
Fishery Conflict
South China Sea Disputes
Exclusive Economic Zone
Disputed Seas of Island Reefs
Issue Frame
作者简介
余文全,青岛大学政治与公共管理学院讲师。
