摘要
由于互联网的持久记忆能力引发社会风险,在争议声中,欧盟通过“谷歌西班牙案”确立了被遗忘权制度,并通过GDPR以及两个指南丰富其规则。在实际运行方面,拉脱维亚、瑞典等欧盟成员国数据保护机构发布了若干执法案例,欧盟法院及其成员国法院也对被遗忘权案件做出相关司法裁判。从这些经验来看,欧盟被遗忘权制度运行体现出三个问题,即难以在数据主体权利与公共利益之间达成平衡、正当程序原则受到挑战、不同法域之间出现规则冲突。我国在引入被遗忘权制度时,应当借鉴欧盟法的运行得失,在立法时做好价值衡量,设计更为精细且兼顾程序正义的规则,并借助司法积累案例发展场景化规则。
Because of the social risks caused by the Internet’s enduring memory capabilities,the European Union has created the right to be forgotten through the case of Google Spain and enriched its rules through issuing the GDPR and other two guidelines. In practice,data protection authorities in EU member states such as Latvia and Sweden have issued a number of enforcement cases,and the European Court of Justice and the courts of its member states have made relevant judicial decisions in cases of forgotten rights. From these practices,the operation of the EU’s system of right to be forgotten shows three problems: namely,it is difficult to strike a balance between the rights of data subjects and the public interest;the principle of due process is challenged;and there are conflicts of rules between different jurisdictions. When introducing the system of the right to be forgotten,China should learn from the gains and losses of the operation of the EU law,make a good value balance in legislation,design finer rules and take into account the rules of procedural justice,and develop sector-specific rules with the help of judicial practice.
作者
江溯
JIANG Su(Peking University Law School,Beijing 100871)
出处
《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期122-130,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)
关键词
被遗忘权
欧盟法院
比较法
数据保护
个人信息
right to be forgotten
EU Court of Justice
comparative law
data protection
personal information
作者简介
江溯,法学博士,北京大学法学院副教授、博士生导师。
