摘要
以北京冬奥会为目标,研究国内外短道速滑项目竞技人才的培养与我国短道项目竞技人才培养的战略。采用文献资料法、实地调研法、问卷调查法、数理统计法以及非均衡等研究方法,分析国内黑龙江、吉林省、山东、上海等省市与韩国、俄罗斯等国家短道速滑项目竞技人才的培养。结果表明:我国短道速滑竞技人才培养的优势省份(黑龙江省、吉林省)在培养竞技人才过程中,受到了竞技人才生源短缺、成才率低、伤病及机关单位编制不足、运动员自身出路难以解决等问题的困扰;潜优势省份(山东省、辽宁省、上海、新疆和内蒙古)在竞技人才过程中,受到了运动员学训矛盾、没有固定场馆、本地区短道速滑项目竞赛开展少或未开展等问题的困扰。中韩两国在短道速滑后备人才的培养和选拔上有着不同的思路及方法,从历届世青赛成绩上来看,韩国后备人才成绩更为突出,形成了良好的新老交替体系,韩国国内比赛的参赛组别划分更细,为人才可持续性发展提供了保障。中国与俄罗斯的培养上,我国青少年运动员缺乏基本体能方面的发展,过多地挖掘了专项方面的能力等现象,提出体教融合、竞赛杠杆推动、加大项目宣传和场馆建设等促进短道速滑发展的对策。
The research is on the current situations of my country’s short track speed skating competitive sports talent training, corresponding to the national short track speed skating competition talent training and the strategy of training competitive talents for short track events in my country for the Beijing Winter Olympics. Using literature method, field research method, questionnaire survey method, mathematical statistics method and nonequilibrium analysis method, analyze the cultivation of short track speed skating talents in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shandong, Shanghai and other provinces, South Korea, Russia and other countries. The results show that the advantageous provinces(Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province) in the training of competitive talents for short track speed skating in China have suffered from shortages of talents, low success rate, injuries and insufficient establishment of institutions, and athletes’ difficult future;potential advantageous provinces(Shandong Province, the People’s Liberation Army, Shanghai, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia) in the process of competitive talents have suffered from athletes’ academic and training contradictions, no fixed venues, and the shortage of short track speed skating competitions in the region. In the comparative analysis of corresponding countries, China and South Korea have different ideas and methods in the training and selection of reserve talents for short track speed skating. Judging from the results of the previous World Youth Championships, South Korea’s reserve talents have achieved more outstanding results, forming a good replacement system between old and new, and the division of competition groups in Korean domestic competitions has been more detailed, which provides a guarantee for the sustainable development of talents. In recent years, China has also increased the training of reserve talents, but there are still many problems. In the training of China and Russia, my country’s young athletes, juvenile athletes, and young athletes lack basic physical development, and they have excessively tapped their specific abilities, which has led to the phenomenon that many athletes have declined in their youth performance.
作者
王海
Wang Hai(Woosuk University Wanju-gun 55338,Korea;Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034,China)
出处
《冰雪运动》
2021年第2期8-14,共7页
China Winter Sports
基金
国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学重点研究项目(2268SS16005)
中国滑冰协会委托科研项目(CSA2021-1)。
关键词
北京冬奥会
短道速滑、竞技人才
战略研究
Beijing Winter Olympics
short track speed skating, competitive sports talent
strategic research
作者简介
王海(1980-),男,吉林白山人,博士研究生,讲师,短道速滑国际级裁判,研究方向为冰雪运动发展战略。
