摘要
富者是否更具有社会责任?向来是一个颇具争议的问题。若在环境治理与技术创新领域,则表现为富者可能更有能力和更富有责任地选择绿色技术,事实是否果真如此?本文利用2004—2016年中国268个地级市面板数据,从经济、社会以及生态维度构建财富的综合指标,检验了城市财富绿色技术筛选效应的存在性及其形成逻辑。结果发现:第一,城市财富会筛选技术,即存在绿色技术自选择效应并呈现自我强化特性;第二,城市财富的绿色技术选择偏好受制于财富性质,财富的来源方式和获取难易度在其中扮演重要角色;第三,城市财富的绿色技术选择偏好源于自我筛选和外在约束的双重机制,财富会诱致技术朝绿色方向演变,而外在约束也会改变财富的选择性偏好。
China has achieved impressive economic growth,with a commensurate increase both in gross amount and per capita terms over the past 40 years.Data show that the GDP of China increased from CNY 367.87 billion in 1978 to CNY 99,086.51 billion in 2019,and per capita GDP increased from CNY 384.7 to CNY 70,724.6,with annual growth rates of 9.4%and 8.4%,respectively.Correspondently,extensive economic growth mode that depends on high input of resources and factors has caused serious environmental pollution.As China embarks upon a new era of high-quality development from the era of high-speed development,can China build a permanent mechanism relying on green technology to make the coordinated development of economy and environment?In particular,whether richer cities are more capable and more responsible in choosing green technology?All these are matters worthy of attention.Accordingly,this paper,based on 268 prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2016,constructs wealth comprehensive index from economic,social and ecological perspectives and explores the effect of urban wealth on green technology choice and its contributing factors.The research results are as follows:(1)Urban wealth will select technology,which means there is green technology self-selection effect.Besides,it presents self-reinforcing characteristics.(2)Green technology choice preference of urban wealth is subjected to wealth properties.Specifically,the source of wealth and the difficulty of acquiring wealth play an important role.(3)Green technology choice preference of urban wealth stems from the dual mechanism of self-selection and external constraints.Wealth will intrinsically induce technology to evolve in a green direction,and external constraints will also change wealth choice preferences.In order to make the accumulation of urban wealth develop in a direction that is more conducive to green technology,the following suggestions are provided.Firstly,appropriate technology innovation and industrial policy should be designed based on wealth properties.In cities with abundant resources,the government should promote resource-saving technology with R&D and tax incentives policies.In cities without abundant resources,the government should make full use of market-oriented green industry incentive policies to accelerate green technology innovation.Secondly,the government should play the role of environmental concern and supervision,and enhance the coordination of environment supervision among cities.The government should pay more attention to the differences of environmental concern intensity among cities,and establish a regional collaborative governance system to improve the effectiveness of environmental governance.Thirdly,the government should encourage the public supervision,and improve the public environmental supervision system and the environmental information disclosure system,which can help to increase the public awareness of environmental supervision and promote green technology through environmental information supervision.Existing literature mostly explores the technology choice preference of labor and capital from the perspectives of factor endowment and comparative advantage.The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows.Firstly,we focus on green and non-green technologies,and identify the roles that the wealth of different properties plays in green technology choice.We verify the existence of green technology choice preference of wealth by empirical analyses.Furthermore,we explore the possible effects of wealth properties on green technology choice from the hierarchical characteristics of wealth,the sources of wealth,the acquisition difficulties of wealth and the resource abundance in sources.Secondly,wealth will select technology not only through internal mechanisms,but also through external constraints such as public supervision and government intervention.Therefore,we identify how external conditions affect green technology choice of wealth by using the Baidu search index of keywords and the text capture to measure environmental concerns of the public and the government,and explain the rationality of external intervention mechanisms based on Chinese situation.
作者
董直庆
王辉
DONG Zhiqing;WANG Hui(Faculty of Economics and Management,East China Normal University)
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期143-159,共17页
Economic Research Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA069)
国家社会科学基金重点项目(17AZD009)的资助。
关键词
财富筛选
绿色技术
财富性质
Wealth Choice
Green Technology
Wealth Properties
作者简介
董直庆,华东师范大学经济与管理学部,邮政编码:200062,电子信箱:dongzhiqing@sina.com;通讯作者:王辉,华东师范大学经济与管理学部,邮政编码:200062,电子信箱:15863147504@163.com。
