摘要
废旧锂离子电池正极材料含有大量的有价金属且市场拥有量大,目前的回收工艺具有流程长、酸消耗高、锂的直收率低等问题。利用价格低廉的工业焦粉与三元正极材料混合加热可以实现粘结剂和正极材料的有效分离,同时将正极材料还原回收。通过碳热还原将废旧锂离子电池正极材料中的锂转化为可溶性碳酸盐,首先利用水浸过程分离出锂,接下来采用硫酸浸出工艺对废旧锂离子电池正极材料中的镍、钴、锰三种元素进行浸出,研究了碳热还原条件和水浸条件对锂浸出的影响,最后将水浸渣进行硫酸浸出分离镍、钴、锰。结果表明,在碳热还原温度650℃、还原时间100 min、水浸温度25℃、水浸液固比(mL/g)12、搅拌速度100 r/min、水浸时间120 min时,锂的浸出率达到最大,为91.61%;在硫酸浓度2.0 mol/L、搅拌转速为200 r/min、液固比(mL/g)为9、浸出温度75℃、浸出时间90 min时,可以获得一个较优的镍、钴、锰浸出率,此条件下的镍、钴、锰浸出率分别为95.83%、96.22%、98.02%。碳热还原—水浸—硫酸浸出工艺是一种较为高效的回收三元废旧锂离子电池中有价金属的工艺。
There is a large amount of spent cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries in the market and they contain a lot of valuable metals.The current recycling process has many problems,such as long process,high acid consumption and low direct yield of lithium.The effective separation of binder and cathode material can be achieved by mixing and heating the cheap industrial coke powder with ternary cathode material,and the cathode material can be recovered at the same time.Lithium in spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials was converted into soluble carbonate by carbothermal reduction.Firstly,lithium was separated by water leaching process,and then nickel,cobalt and manganese in spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials were leached by sulfuric acid leaching process.Finally,the leaching residue was leached with sulfuric acid to separate nickel,cobalt and manganese.The results show that when the carbothermal reduction temperature is 650℃,the carbothermal reduction time is 100 min,the water leaching temperature is 25℃,the liquid-solid ratio is 12 mL/g,the stirring speed is 100 r/min,and the water leaching time is 120 min,the leaching rate of lithium reaches the maximum,which is 91.61%.When sulfuric acid concentration is 2.0 mol/L,stirring speed is 200 r/min,liquid-solid ratio is 9 mL/g,leaching temperature is 75 ℃,and leaching time is 90 min,an optimal leaching rate of Ni,Co and Mn can be obtained,which are 95.83%,96.22% and 98.02%,respectively.This process is a more efficient praess to recycle valuable metals from waste ternary lithium ion batteries.
作者
代云
邓朝勇
吴浩
DAI Yun;DENG Chao-yong;WU Hao(Ximei Resources(Guangdong)Limited,Qingyuan 513055,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Jiana Energy Technology Co.Ltd.,Qingyuan 513056,Guangdong,China)
出处
《矿冶》
CAS
2021年第3期24-29,46,共7页
Mining And Metallurgy
基金
广东省重点实验室专项(2020年粤财科教[2020]50号)
清远市科技计划项目(清科函[2019]126号300)。
关键词
废旧三元锂离子电池
正极材料
碳热还原
水浸
硫酸浸出
spent ternary lithium ion battery
cathode material
carbothermal reduction
water leaching
sulfuric acid leaching
作者简介
第一作者:代云,学士,高级工程师,主要从事湿法冶金与资源综合回收利用研究。E-mail:116431034@qq.com;通信作者:邓朝勇,博士,E-mail:melodycyd@163.com。
