摘要
【目的】研究含非蛋白氮(L)、不含非蛋白氮(N)的2种酵母培养物对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu♂)生长性能、肠道形态、免疫功能和抗病能力的影响。【方法】在基础饲料中分别添加质量分数0%(对照C0组),2%、4%酵母培养物L(L1、L2组)以及2%、4%的酵母培养物N(N1、N2组),配制成5组等氮等脂饲料,饲喂珍珠龙胆石斑鱼56 d,测定石斑鱼生长性能、体成分、免疫力指标;观察肠道形态结构;用哈维氏弧菌对实验鱼进行攻毒,研究实验鱼抗病力。【结果】养殖实验结束后,N1和N2组珍珠龙胆石斑鱼存活率(SR)、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而饲料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。N2组的干物质、粗蛋白和灰分含量显著提高(P<0.05),而粗脂肪含量以N1组显著增加(P<0.05)。N1和N2组的消化酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。N2组鱼血清总蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和免疫球蛋白活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而葡萄糖、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶和丙二醛活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。N2组溶菌酶、甘油三脂和胆固醇与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。N1和N2组肠绒毛高度显著提高,肠绒毛宽度显著增加(P<0.05)。攻毒实验表明,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼对哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)的抵抗力增强,N2组的累积存活率最高。【结论】在本研究条件下,以增重率、免疫指标和累积存活率为判据,饲料中添加质量分数4%发酵底物不含非蛋白氮的酵母培养物对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能、免疫和抗病能力的促进作用最显著。
【Objective】To study the effects of two kinds of yeast cultures(L:fermentation substrate contains non-protein nitrogen,protein content is 55%;N:fermentation substrate does not contain non-protein nitrogen,protein content is 50%)on the growth performance,intestinal morphology,immune response to Vibrio harveyi infection of pearl Gentiana grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu♂.【Method】Five groups of iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidemic diets were prepared by adding yeast cultures of C0(0%),L1(2%),L2(4%),N1(2%)and N2(4%)into the basic diet,respectively.The growth performance,body composition,immunity and intestinal morphology of the grouper were determined.After challenged by V.harveyi,and disease resistance of the grouper were studied。【Results】After 56-day feeding experiment,the growth performance showed that the survival rate(SR),weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),while the feed conversion rate(FCR)was significantly lower than in the control group(P<0.05).The results of the whole-body composition analysis showed that the crude protein and ash content of N2 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while lipid content was significantly higher in the N1 group(P<0.05).In general,the digestive enzyme activities of the N1 and N2 groups were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Serum total protein,superoxide dismutase,catalase,alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase and immunoglobulin activities were significantly higher(P<0.05),while glucose,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and malondialdehyde activities were significantly lower(P<0.05)in the N2 group fish than those in the control group.There was no significant difference in lysozyme,triglycerides and cholesterol in the N2 group compared to the control group(P>0.05).In N1 and N2 groups,the villus height and villus width increased significantly(P<0.05).The resistance against V.harveyi was enhanced and the cumulative survival rate in the N2 group was the highest(80.0%).【Conclusion】Under the conditions of this study,based on weight gain rate,immune index and cumulative survival rate,the most significant increase in growth performance,immunity and disease resistance in pearl gentian grouper was achieved by the addition of a non-protein nitrogen with 4%fermentation substrate from yeast culture to the feed.
作者
刘泓宇
李立贤
AYIKU Stephen
唐泽
范炜
谭北平
董晓慧
迟淑艳
杨奇慧
章双
周文豪
LIU Hong-yu;LI Li-xian;AYIKU Stephen;TANG Ze;FANG Wei;TAN Bei-ping;DONG Xiao-hui;CHI Shu-yan;YANG Qi-hui;ZHANG Shuang;ZHOU Wen-hao(Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic,Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China,Ministry of Agriculture,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Beijing Enhalor International BioTech Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《广东海洋大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第3期1-11,共11页
Journal of Guangdong Ocean University
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900200)
国家自然科学基金(31772864)
农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-47)
广东省自然科学基金(2018A030313154,2020A1515011129)
广东省企业科技特派员项目(GDKTP2020017800)。
关键词
酵母培养物
珍珠龙胆石斑鱼
生长性能
免疫
抗病力
哈维氏弧菌
yeast culture
Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu♂
growth performance
immunity
disease resistance
Vibrio harveyi
作者简介
第一作者:刘泓宇(1976―),博士,副教授,从事水产动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:liuhyu@gdou.edu.cn;通信作者:谭北平,博士,教授,从事水产动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:bptan@126.com。
