摘要
为明确影响阿拉尔垦区枣皱胴病发生的相关因子,进一步降低发病率,本研究于病害发生初期,通过采用定点定期调查的方法,开展不同枣树品种、不同树龄、不同种植密度、灌水方式、施肥处理等栽培管理模式对枣皱胴病发生的影响的调查。结果表明:枣皱胴病从7月中旬开始发生,随后不断加重,9月中旬至10月中旬为田间发病高峰期。骏枣病害发生重于灰枣;不同树龄的树体发病率有明显差异,5年生枣园发病率较低,13年生的枣园发病率较高;枣园种植密度不同,枣皱胴病发病率不同,枣园种植密度越大,病害发生率越低。2.0 m×3.0 m种植密度枣园的发病率为最低,1.5 m×2.0 m、1.5 m×3.0 m这两种模式下的种植密度均有发生,但两者之间没有明显影响;大水漫灌枣园的发病率高于滴灌枣园的发病率;施入有机肥、复合肥和专用肥枣园的发病率均低于施尿素等化学肥料的枣园。枣皱胴病现象在阿拉尔垦区发生相对普遍。品种、树龄、种植密度的差异、灌水方式以及不同施肥处理等因素对该病的发生均有一定影响。
In order to identify the factors that affect the occurrence of bottom-crinkle of jujube in Alar reclamation area and further reduce the incidence rate,in the early stage of the disease,by using the method of fixed-point regular investigation,this paper carried out the investigation of the influence of different jujube varieties,different ages,different planting densities,irrigation methods,fertilization and other cultivation modes on the occurrence of the disease.The results showed that the bottom-crinkle of jujube began to occur in the middle of July,and then became more and more serious,and the peak of the disease was from the middle of September to the middle of October.The disease of Jun jujube was more serious than that of grey jujube,and the incidence of tree age varies significantly among different ages.The incidence rate of five year old jujube orchard was low,and the incidence rate of thirteen years old jujube orchard was high.The incidence rate of the bottom-crinkle of jujube was different in different planting densities jujube orchard.The larger the planting density,the lower the disease incidence rate.The incidence rate of 2.0 m×3.0 m planting density was lowest,and the planting density of two models under 1.5 m×2.0 m and 1.5 m×3.0 m all occurs,but there was no obvious effect between them.The incidence rate of the jujube orchard in flood irrigation was higher than that in drip irrigation.The incidence rate of jujube orchard with organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer and special fertilizer was lower than that of chemical fertilizer such as urea.Bottom-crinkle of jujube is relatively common in Alar reclamation area.Varieties,tree age,planting density,irrigation methods and different fertilization treatments all have certain effects on the occurrence of the disease.
作者
高自男
熊仁次
谭占明
GAO Zi-nan;XIONG Ren-ci;TAN Zhan-ming(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;National And Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2021年第5期35-38,共4页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016FYC0501407-05)
2018年新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目(2018DB003)
2018年新疆生产建设兵团“十件实事”农业技术辐射带动工程项目资助(SJSS201801)。
关键词
阿拉尔垦区
枣皱胴病
病因
Alar reclamation
bottom-crinkle of jujube
etiology
作者简介
第一作者:高自男(1995-),女,在读硕士,从事果树栽培生理与生态研究。E-mail:812997915@qq.com;通信作者:熊仁次(1970—),硕士,教授,从事果树栽培生理与生态研究。E-mail:xrcqwb@qq.com。
