摘要
青藏高原特殊的高海拔、低气压、强辐射及充足日照使得青藏高原的水热资源十分丰富,同时受气候变化及人类活动影响青藏高原生态系统十分敏感,由此研究青藏高原水热资源的时空演变与匹配特征对当地农牧业发展具有重要指导意义。运用彭曼公式计算了青藏高原1970—2017年的参考作物蒸散发量,分析了这48年的参考作物蒸散发量的空间分布与时间变化,并分析了降雨量、温度、参考作物蒸散发量、湿润指数这些水热资源指标时空变化特性;综合考虑降雨、气温、蒸发因素,提出了青藏高原水热资源匹配模型,由此研究了青藏高原水热资源匹配特征。结果显示,青藏高原水热资源空间分布基本呈现东南大,西北小及东南、西北两端大,中部地区小的2种分布特征,并在时间上呈现显著上升趋势,水热资源匹配性由西北向东南逐渐变好,并在1970—2017年呈显著的变好趋势,这种变化从自然条件上有利于当地农牧业发展。
Due to the special high altitude,low atmospheric pressure,strong radiation and sufficient sunshine,the water and heat resources in the Tibet Plateau is very rich,and the ecosystem of the Tibet Plateau is very sensitive to climate change and human activities.Therefore,the study on the spatial-temporal evolution and matching characteristics of water and heat resources in Tibet Plateau is of great significance to the development of local agriculture and animal husbandry.This paper calculates the reference crop evapotranspiration from 1970 to 2017 in Tibet Plateau by using Penman-Monteith formula,analyzes the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the reference crop evapotranspiration,and the spatial and temporal patterns of water and heat indictors such as rainfall,temperature,reference crop evapotranspiration and moisture index,establishes the matching model of water and heat resources in Tibet Plateau by considering the factors of rainfall,air temperature and evaporation,and studies the matching characteristics of water and heat resources in Tibet Plateau through the model.The results show that the spatial distribution of water and heat resources in the Tibet plateau basically presents two kinds of characteristics:large in the southeast,small in the northwest,or large in both ends of the southeast and northwest,and small in the central region,and shows a significant upward trend in time.The matching of water and heat resources gradually improves from northwest to southeast,with a significant enhanced trend from 1970 to 2017,which are favorable to the development of local agriculture and animal husbandry.
作者
董凌霄
张艳敏
蒋佩东
董前进
DONG Lingxiao;ZHANG Yanmin;JIANG Peidong;DONG Qianjin(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;CAMCE WHU Design&Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《人民珠江》
2021年第3期24-29,共6页
Pearl River
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目(XDA2004030102)。
关键词
水热资源
参考作物蒸散发
匹配特征
青藏高原
water and heat resources
reference crop evapotranspiration
matching characteristics
Tibet Plateau
作者简介
董凌霄,女,研究方向为水资源规划与管理。E-mail:1225969012@qq.com;通讯作者:董前进,男,研究方向为水文气象、水资源规划与管理等。E-mail:dqjin@whu.edu.cn。
