摘要
光景学与声景学在研究背景与学术特征上有许多相似之处。目前声景学科的研究与实践已取得长足进展。声景学研究中某些研究手法对光景学的研究有很好的启示。"光景学"是一门高度综合交叉的学科,有着丰富其的研究手段。"光景漫步"概念及其研究方法的建立有一定的理论依据及可行性,此理念曾被应用于广州花城广场光景研究中,并在此基础上设计了光景漫步路线。由于人的听觉感应与视觉感应之间存在差异,"光景漫步"与"声景漫步"在应用的技术细节上必然有其不同之处。完善和发展"光景漫步"手段,并在光景学的研究和实践中广泛应用,与"声景漫步"同成为探索环境的新手段。
At present,great progress has been made in the research and practice of soundscape.It has become the most important research project in many countries and has great significance in areas like inheriting historical culture and improving living environment.The research and practice of soundscape has a rich variety of methods.In 1970s,Hildegard Westerkamp,one of the main members and constructors of "world soundscape project",organized a soundwalk exercise at Queen Elizabeth Park Vancouver,and advocated people to recognize the typical soundscape that were being neglected in the city,and re-sense the connection between human,environment and nature.Today,half a century after the event,"soundwalk" is widely utilized as one of the basic methods of soundscape research and expression,and has become a new way of creation for artists from various areas."Lightscape" is a new area of study,with many similarities in research background and academic characteristics with soundscape.They are both built on the subjective feeling of people on "scape",and emphasize on the sociality of human,and the effects of behaviors and environmental psychology.Even though sound and light have vastly different physical nature,studies of sound and light share a great amount of similar academic characteristics.The development of soundscape during the last fifty years as well as its rich research achievements will s urely bring much beneficial enlightenment to the lightscape research.On the other hand,the "walking" as a research method has strong interactivity and exploratory:one of its biggest characteristic is that the participant also plays the role of a tool of research,and the feeling and experience of the participant become part of its result.Therefore,it has its superiority in such an area that focuses on the sensation of human.This demonstrates the theoretical foundation and practicality of the "lightwalk" concept and its research method."Lightwalk" is defined as a way of exploring the designated area on foot with the purpose and focus of enjoying the view of lightscape.It is a method where the participant actively observing lightscape,with plans and organization.In addition to systematic questionnaire and interviews,direct observation and behavior recording,it is also possible to use specific technology to record the environment of the area,including photographing,video recording,acquiring geometric information and obtaining related objective environmental indicators.The possible applications for "lightwalk" in the future are as followed:1)as a investigation method for lightscape;2)to evaluate the lightscape quality for specific area;3)as a design method for lightscape;4)to cumulate data and information for future researches of lightscape,and provide foundation for building lightscape database;5) to put forward new research projects of the lightscape discipline.The concept of "lightwalk" was utilized in the lightscape research at Guangzhou Huacheng Square,and a "lightwalking route" was built on this foundation.Huacheng Square is regarded as the "city living room" for Guangzhou,and has much lightscape resource.The research investigates on field to find out the popular lightscape in the order of popularity during day times and night times,as well as ordering by characteristic lightscape,and form a linear viewing route consists of both natural and artificial lightscape.Through the guidance of the "lightwalking route",some important lightscape that had been neglected are emphasized,and the participant of the walk can experience a more complete and rich landscape system.Lightwalking route like this can be further built into a guide map for city lightscape,and enable a new form of city environment exploration.There are certain differences and similarities in terms of technical details for "lightwalk" and "soundwalk".In terms of whether the walk is conducted in a group or by individual,the place and goal,whether or not to have assigned guide and how to choose the guide,both of them do not have an essential difference;their difference is that sound can affect it listener in a certain distance,and the listening part of soundwalk can be designed to be in a certain area or a point,yet its direction is not unique and will not affect the result too much;however,for lightscape,the experience of viewing from different angles and directions varies greatly,and the limitation for the best position of appreciation are more limited.This article briefly summarizes the development progress of soundwalk and its current application status in research and practice,and compares with soundscape and ligthscape in terms of subject background and academic characteristic.Furthermore,it puts forward the notion of "lightwalk",and advocates to make it a method of lightscape subject study and practice.The goal is completing and developing the methods of lightwalk and widely applying it in the lightscape subject study,making it the new method of exploring environment like soundwalk.
作者
邱坚珍
李雅婷
陈嘉燕
QIU Jianzhen;LI Yating;CHEN Jiayan
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2021年第1期108-115,共8页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
中国科学院咨询课题(2018-ZW01-A-031)。
作者简介
邱坚珍:华南理工大学建筑学院,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,高级建筑师;通讯作者:李雅婷,华南理工大学建筑学院,博士研究生,364709257@qq.com;陈嘉燕:华南理工大学建筑学院,硕士研究生。
