摘要
【目的】研究资阳香橙(Citrus junos Sieb.ex Tanaka)×枳(Poncirus trifoliate Raf.)杂交的8个F1代株系(ZZ1、ZZ6、ZZ7、ZZ31、ZZ42、ZZ60、ZZ65、ZZ948)在pH 8.22的碱性土壤上耐碱性差异,为选育新的耐碱砧木积累数据和材料。【方法】测量了8个杂种砧木及其亲本在碱性土壤上的株高、茎粗、黄化指数、叶片光合色素以及营养元素含量,应用AHP-TOPSIS法对这些砧木的耐碱性做出综合评价。【结果】播种生长23个月的杂种砧木,株高差异显著,在68.52~228.23 cm范围均有分布,其中ZZ6最矮,约为枳株高的1/2;ZZ65最高,约为资阳香橙株高的1.6倍。总体上,砧木茎粗与株高相呼应,株高较高的砧木茎粗值也较大。统计杂种砧木黄化指数得出,ZZ6黄化指数最低,ZZ7、ZZ31和ZZ948黄化指数较低,ZZ1黄化指数中等,ZZ42和ZZ60黄化指数较高,ZZ65黄化指数最高。随砧木黄化指数的升高,叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b含量随之降低。砧木叶片元素测定结果显示,叶片中活性铁含量与砧木黄化指数呈显著负相关,叶片P含量与黄化指数呈显著正相关,全铁和其余元素含量与叶片黄化无显著相关性。通过AHP-TOPSIS法综合评价得到砧木耐碱性排序为资阳香橙>ZZ6>ZZ31>ZZ948>ZZ7>ZZ1>ZZ60>ZZ42>ZZ65>枳。【结论】筛选出3个耐碱性强的砧木品种(ZZ6、ZZ31和ZZ948),其中ZZ6为矮化耐碱砧木资源。
【Objective】The alkali-resistance of eight F1 generation lines(ZZ1,ZZ6,ZZ7,ZZ31,ZZ42,ZZ60,ZZ65,ZZ948)of hybrid rootstocks of Ziyang Xiangcheng(Citrus junos Sieb.ex Tanaka)×Trifoliate Orange(Poncirus trifoliata Raf.)in an alkaline orchard with pH 8.22 were tested in this study in order to accumulate data for the selection of new excellent rootstocks with the advantages of Ziyang Xiangcheng and Trifoliate Orange.Alkali stress has become an important factor restricting the development of fruit industry,leading to iron deficiency and chlorosis of fruits and the decline of fruit quality and yield in citrus fruit trees.Thus,it is necessary to breed new rootstocks.【Methods】We transplanted the biennial nucellar seedlings of these 8 rootstocks to the orchard with alkaline soil in 2016.At the same time,the seedlings of Ziyang Xiangcheng and Trifoliate Orange with same age were planted to gether in the test orchard as control varieties.We measured the plant height and stem thickness,investigated the yellowing index of the seedling lines,analyzed the difference of leaf photosynthetic pigment and nutrient element contents of the seedling lines and plants of the control in 2018.The weight of core index was calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),and the comprehensive score was calculated by Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS).Then the tolerance of the seedling lines to alkali were evaluated using AHP-TOPSIS.【Results】The seedling lines showed different growth vigor,ranging from 68.52 cm to 228.23 cm.Among them,ZZ6 was the shortest,about 1/2 of the height of Trifoliate Orange;ZZ65 was the tallest,about 1.6 times of the height of Ziyang Xiangcheng.The seedling lines could be divided into three types according to the height,dwarfing type:ZZ6,ZZ7,ZZ948;moderate type:ZZ1,ZZ42,ZZ60;tall type:ZZ31,ZZ65.The stem thickness was related to the plant height.The stem thickness of ZZ31 and ZZ65 was significantly bigger than those of the other seedling lines.According to the statistical results of the yellowing index of the seedling lines,ZZ6 was the lowest;ZZ7,ZZ31and ZZ948 were low;ZZ1 was medium;ZZ42 and ZZ60 were high;ZZ65 was the highest and its chlorination degree was next to that of Trifoliate Orange.There were significant differences in photosynthetic pigment contents among the seedling lines,ZZ6,ZZ31 and ZZ948 were significantly higher than those of the other seedling lines.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b of ZZ6 were the highest,next to Ziyang orange.ZZ42,ZZ60 and ZZ65 with higher yellowing index had lower contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b in leaves.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b in leaves decreased with the increase of the yellowing index of the seedling lines.The element determination results showed that the ferrous Fe content of the seedling lines in leaves from high to low was Ziyang Xiangcheng,ZZ6,ZZ31,ZZ948,ZZ7,ZZ1,ZZ60,ZZ42,ZZ65,Trifoliate Orange.We could conclude that the ferrous Fe content in the leaves was negatively correlated with the yellowing index of rootstock,the P content in the leaves was positively correlated with the yellowing index of the seedling lines,while the total Fe and other elements in the leaves had no significant correlation with the yellowing index of the seedling lines.In other words,the leaf chlorosis of the seedling lines was closely correlated with the low ferrous Fe and the high P content in the leaves.We used AHP to calculate the weight of chlorophyll a+b,yellowing index,ferrous Fe and P content in leaves(0.5622,0.0961,0.2889,0.0528 respectively).Afterwards,we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the alkali resistance of the seedling lines using the AHP-TOPSIS method.The order of the resistance was Ziyang Xiangcheng>ZZ6>ZZ31>ZZ948>ZZ7>ZZ1>ZZ60>ZZ42>ZZ65>Trifoliate Orange.The alkali resistance of ZZ6,ZZ31 and ZZ948 could be considered as strong ZZ7 and ZZ1 moderate ZZ60 and ZZ42 weak and ZZ65 very weak.The alkali resistance of the seedling lines was distributed in range of the Ziyang Xiangcheng and the Trifoliate Orange.Three seedling lines with strong alkali resistance were selected for further evaluation.【Conclusion】In this study,three rootstocks(ZZ6,ZZ31 and ZZ948)with strong alkaline tolerance were screened out,among which ZZ6 was a dwarf alkali tolerant rootstock.
作者
郑妮
曹立
彭良志
余歆
淳长品
凌丽俐
付行政
张文龙
吴坤明
冉从洋
钱春
ZHENG Ni;CAO Li;PENG Liangzhi;YU Xin;CHUN Changpin;LING Lili;FU Xingzheng;ZHANG Wenlong;WU Kunming;RAN Congyang;QIAN Chun(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center,Chongqing 400712,China;Chongqing Lükang Fruit Industry Co.,Ltd,Chongqing 400712,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期352-360,共9页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD020006、2017YFD0202002)
国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-01A)。
关键词
资阳香橙×枳
杂种砧木
砧木评价
耐碱
叶片黄化
缺铁
Ziyang Xiangcheng and Trifoliate Orange
Hybrid rootstock
Rootstock evaluation
Alkali resistance
Leaf chlorosis
Iron deficiency
作者简介
郑妮,女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事果树栽培与育种研究。Tel:13451237429,E-mail:1454053659@qq.com;通信作者:曹立.Tel:13883602536,E-mail:caoli@cric.cn;通信作者:钱春,Tel:13509495336,E-mail:1165684148@qq.com。
