摘要
明确生物炭对水稻茎秆抗倒性的影响及最佳施用量,探索通过施用生物炭提高水稻抗倒伏性的初步机制,为水稻高产、高效、优质提供新思路,同时为科学合理施用生物炭提供理论依据。以抗倒伏性有差异水稻品种沈农265和秋田小町为试材,设置4个生物炭水平0t·hm^(-2)(C0),10t·hm^(-2)(C1),20t·hm^(-2)(C2),40t·hm^(-2)(C3)。采用大田试验,研究生物炭对水稻茎秆抗倒性及相关力学性状、解剖结构及化学物质含量的影响及其相互关系。研究结果表明,不同施炭处理均能提高两品种茎秆抗折力,其中C2和C3处理达到显著水平;株高及节间长度随着施炭量增加逐渐增加;C3处理两品种小维管束数目显著增加;沈农265的C3处理大维管束面积、大维管束木质部面积、大维管束韧皮部面积显著增加;秋田小町C2处理的大维管束韧皮部面积显著增加;两品种C2和C3处理茎秆淀粉和木质素含量高于不施炭处理,沈农265在C3处理达到显著水平;两品种不同施炭处理茎秆的全钾含量高于不施炭处理。相关分析表明,抗折力与该节间的茎粗、长外径、短外径、节间至顶鲜重,弯曲力矩与该节间大维管束数目、小维管束数目、大维管束面积、大维管束木质部面积、淀粉含量和木质素含量均呈现显著或极显著正相关。由此可见,20t·hm2和40t·hm2生物炭可以显著提高茎秆抗折力,且不同水稻品种对生物炭的响应有所不同。
Clarifying the effect of biochar on the lodging resistance of rice stem and the suitable application amount and exploring the mechanism of improving the lodging resistance of rice through biochar would provide a new way for high yield,high efficiency and high quality of rice and a theoretical basis for more scientific and reasonable application of biochar.In this study,the Chinese Japonica rice Shennong 265 and Japanese rice Akitakaomaqi were used as materials.Four biochar applications were used in rice field:0t·hm^(-2)(C0),10t·hm^(-2)(C1),20t·hm^(-2)(C2),40t·hm^(-2)(C3).The effects of biochar on the lodging resistance,mechanical properties,anatomical structure and chemical content of rice culm were studied.Biochar could improve the bending resistance of rice C2 and C3 treatment reached significant level.Plant height and internode length increased with the biochar application.The number of small and large vascular bundles increased significantly under C3 treatment.The area of large vascular bundle,large vascular bundle xylem and large vascular bundle phloem increased significantly of Shennong 265 under C3 treatment.The phloem area of vascular bundle treated with C2 increased significantly of Akitakaomaqi.The content of starch and lignin with C2,C3 were higher than C0.The content of K in the stems of Shennong 265 and Akitakaomaqi with different biochar treatments was higher than C0 treatment,Shennong 265 under C3 treatment increased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the breaking resistance and the stem diameter,long outer diameter,short outer diameter,fresh weight from internode to top of the internode significantly or extremely significantly.The bending moment was positively correlated with the number of large vascular bundle,small vascular bundle,large vascular bundle area,large vascular bundle xylem area,starch content and lignin content significantly or extremely significantly.The response of different rice varieties to biochar was distinct,20t·hm^(-2) and 40 t·hm^(-2) biochar could significantly improve the bending resistance of rice stem.
作者
杨青川
艾玉廷
鲁建承
林森
苗微
韩晓日
YANG Qing-chuan;AI Yu-ting;LU Jian-cheng;LIN Sen;MIAO Wei;HAN Xiao-ri(Rice Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breedings Ministry of Education,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Liaoning Academy of Forest Inventory,Planning and Monioring,Shenyang 110122,China;Shenyang Renyi Productivity Promotion Cente)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期1-7,共7页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200203-1)
国家自然科学基金项目(31901450)。
关键词
水稻
生物炭
抗倒伏性
茎秆特性
化学成分
rice
biochar
lodging resistance
culm traits
chemical constituents
作者简介
第一作者:杨青川(1986-),男,博士研究生,从事水稻高产优质栽培及生理研究,E-mail:weiwei_youl@163.com;通信作者:苗微(1985-),女,博士,讲师,从事水稻高产优质栽培及生理研究,E-mail:miaowei@syau.edu.cn。
