摘要
为了解南宁市城区大气PM_(2.5)中重金属污染特征及其健康风险,该文2018年利用HORIBA元素分析仪连续监测PM_(2.5)中Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni等8种重金属的质量浓度,运用地累积指数、富集因子和主成分分析8种重金属污染特征、来源,运用美国EPA的健康风险评价法评估其健康风险。结果表明PM_(2.5)中重金属质量浓度分布有明显时间特征,As、Pb、Cu的浓度冬季高于其他季节,Cd、Hg、As、Cu的浓度春冬季高于夏秋季节;富集因子和地累积指数分析显示Cd、Hg属于重度富集元素,8种重金属地累积指数和富集因子范围分别为0^9.80、0.52^2899.98;结合主成分分析和相关性分析,PM_(2.5)中重金属主要来源是煤炭源、交通源、工业源和自然扬尘源;风险评价结果显示8种重金属的总非致癌风险均<1,致癌重金属的总致癌风险均>10^(-4),Cr致癌风险在8.21×10^(-5)^5.81×10^(-4)之间,风险较大;儿童的致癌风险高于成人,5种元素致癌风险的大小顺序为:Cr>As>Pb>Ni>Cd。南宁市大气PM_(2.5)中重金属的非致癌风险较低,在人群可接受范围内;致癌风险>10^(-4),具有较高致癌风险。
In order to evaluate the contamination and health risk of heavy metal in atmospheric PM_(2.5) in Nanning City,eight heavy metals including Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Zn and Ni contained in atmospheric PM_(2.5) were continuously monitored by a Horiba element analyzer in the whole year of 2018 and the geo-accumulation index,enrichment factor method and principal component analysis were used to respectively evaluate the contamination of the heavy metals with regard to their pollution features and sources;furthermore,health risk assessment was conducted using the USEPA Health Risk Assessment Model.The results of the investigation showed that the concentrations of As,Pb and Cu in average during winter were higher than those in other seasons,and the concentrations of Cd,Hg,As and Cu in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn;according to the analysis of geo-accumulation index,Cd and Hg belonged to the severe enrichment element,and the accumulation index of the eight heavy metals ranged from 0~9.80 and the enrichment factor from 0.52~2899.98,respectively.Combined with the principal component analysis and correlation analysis,it came out that the main sources of heavy metals in PM_(2.5) were coal source,traffic source,industrial source and natural dust source.The health risk assessment indicated that the total non-cancer risk of eight heavy metals was less than 1,the total carcinogenic risk of cancer-related heavy metals was greater than 10^(-4) and the carcinogenic risk of As and Cr ranged from 8.21×10^(-5) to 5.81×10^(-4).In general,the cancer risk to children was higher than adults.As to the cancer-related heavy metals,the carcinogenic risk in descending order was Cr>As>Pb>Ni>Cd.
作者
秦贱荣
张新英
黄炯丽
莫招育
陈志明
张达标
刘慧琳
李昊
QIN Jianrong;ZHANG Xinying;HUANG Jiongli;MO Zhaoyu;CHEN Zhiming;ZHANG Dabiao;LIU Huilin;LI Hao(School of Geography and Planning,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection,Nanning 530022,China;School of Environmental and Life Science,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;Department of Toxicology,School of Public Health,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第7期35-44,共10页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(41761099)
广西大气污染源解析及预报预警工程技术中心资助项目
广西自然科学基金项目(2019GXNSFBA185039,2019GXNS FAA185061)
广西西江流域生态环境与一体化发展协同创新中心资助项目。
作者简介
秦贱荣(1994-),女,硕士,主要从事环境污染与人群健康方向研究,(电子信箱)1132804962@qq.com;通讯作者:陈志明,(电子信箱)75958722@qq.com。
