摘要
2020年1月30日,世界卫生组织宣布新冠肺炎疫情构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。本文分析了新冠肺炎疫情初期影响公众对风险沟通效果评价及满意度的因素,为改善风险沟通效果提供政策建议。调查采用问卷星样本服务平台,于2020年1月21日至2月22日开展了网络调查,回收有效问卷2 818份。研究显示公众对风险沟通总体满意度较高,表现出很高的信息遵从行为。沟通满意度在不同特征群体中存在差异,在知识群体中存在"满意度落差"现象。电视、报纸等传统媒体和社区传播在风险沟通中仍然发挥着积极而重要的作用,发挥新媒体的良性作用需要公众具备媒介素养,公众的主观信息需求、情绪状态以及政府权威信息的公信力对满意度有重要影响。研究提示,风险沟通应关注不同群体的需求特点,针对全媒体时代存在的信息竞争与阻滞并存现象,应充分发挥多元媒介渠道的各自优势,采取针对性的沟通策略,持续提升公众风险沟通满意度。
The WHO declared that COVID-19 constitutes a public health emergency of international concern on January 30,2020.This paper aims to analyze the factors influencing the evaluation and satisfaction of the public with risk communication effect in the early stage of COVID-19,and provide policy suggestions for improving the effect of risk communication.The survey was conducted with the sample service of Wenjuanxingplatform.The online survey was conducted from January 21 to February 22,2020.2 818 valid questionnaires were collected.The public’s overall satisfaction with risk communication is high,and the participants presented high information compliance behavior.There are variations in communication satisfaction among different characteristic groups,and"Satisfaction Gap"phenomenon exists among highly educated groups.Traditional communication channels such as television,newspapers and community communication still play apositive and important role in risk communication.The benign role of new media relied on good media literacy of the public.The subjective information needs and emotional status of the public as well as the credibility of authoritative information from the government have a significant impact on satisfaction.The study suggests that the specific needs of different groups be focused on,the respective advantages of multiple media channels be utilized and the targeted communication strategies be adopted to continuously improve the public’s satisfaction with risk communication in view of the coexistence of competition and blockage of information in the omnimedia era.
作者
牛金玉
陈超亿
宁良文
张鹏
毕雪晶
吴群红
郝艳华
Niu Jinyu;Chen Chaoyi;Ning Liangwen;Zhang Peng;Bi Xuejing;Wu Qunhong;Hao Yanhua(School of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081)
出处
《中国科学基金》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期794-803,共10页
Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72042001和71673072)的资助。
关键词
新冠肺炎疫情
公众
风险沟通
满意度
媒介信任
COVID-19epidemic
public
risk communication
satisfaction
media trust
作者简介
通信作者:郝艳华,博士,哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院副院长,教授,博士生导师。主要学术兼职:中华预防医学会卫生事业管理分会、社会医学分会、卫生应急分会委员,中国应急管理学会公共卫生应急工作委员会委员,中国研究型医院学会卫生应急分会常委等职。担任《中国公共卫生》、《中国卫生经济》、《中国医院管理》等多家杂志编委。主要研究方向:卫生应急管理、卫生政策与医保制度、人群健康与卫生服务、健康传播等领域,Email:hyhyjw@126.com;牛金玉,哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院硕士研究生,主要研究方向为卫生应急管理。
