摘要
[目的]了解苏南两市社区老年人的健康状况及健康行为,分析自评健康的影响因素,以期为社区卫生服务机构开展健康教育和健康促进提供参考依据。[方法]采用自行设计的问卷对511例南京市和无锡市的社区老年人进行调查,组间比较运用卡方检验,运用多分类Logistic回归,分析老年人自评健康状况的影响因素。[结果]个人月均收入在3000元以下者,相比“个人月均收入>6000元”的参照组,自评健康为“好”的可能性是其0.167倍(P=0.002,OR=0.167);无需他人照顾的健康自评更高,自评为“好”的可能性是参照组的8.157倍(P=0.003,OR=8.157);“无自感疲劳乏力”老年人自评健康为“好”的可能性是参照组的14.054倍(P=0.000,OR=14.054);经常运动者比不运动者拥有更积极的自评健康(P=0.014,OR=3.896)。[结论]与老年人自评健康有关的因素有个人月均收入状况、自感疲劳乏力状况、是否需要他人照顾情况、饮食营养搭配状况、语言表达情况、吸烟状况和运动情况7个变量。
Objective To investigate the health status and health behaviors of elderly adults in the communities of Nanjing and Wuxi,analyze the influencing factors of self-rated health so as to provide reference basis for community health service institutions developing health education and health promoting.Methods A total of 511 elderly adults in the communities of Nanjing and Wuxi were investigated with self-designed questionnaire.The chi-square test was used for comparison among different groups,and the multinomial logistic regression analysis was used for analyzing the influencing factors of health status and self-rated health of elderly adults.Results The elderly whose average monthly income was less 3000 yuan,the possibility of good self-rated health was 0.167 times than the reference group whose average monthly income was more than 6000 yuan(P=0.002,OR=0.167).It was higher in self-rated health of without others caring.The possibility of good self-rated health was 8.157 times than the reference group(P=0.003,OR=8.157).The possibility of good self-rated health in the elderly without self-awareness of fatigue was 14.054 times than the reference group(P=0.000,OR=14.054).Regular exercisers had more positive self-assessment health than non-exercisers(P=0.014,OR=3.896).Conclusions There are 7 variable factors related the elderly's health,such as personal average monthly incomes,self-awareness of fatigue,requirement of others care,nutrition structure in diet,ability of language expression,smoking and exercise.
作者
胡月
HU Yue(School of Health Policy and Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China)
出处
《卫生软科学》
2020年第11期92-96,共5页
Soft Science of Health
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2017SJB0268)
南京医科大学哲学社会科学发展专项重点项目(2017ZSZ002)
2020年度江苏省社科应用研究精品工程课题(20SYC-165)。
关键词
老年人
健康状况
自评健康
影响因素
the elderly
health status
self-rated health
influencing factors
作者简介
胡月(1977-),女,江苏南京人,博士,副教授,主要从事卫生管理与医疗保障制度方面的研究。
