摘要
随着我国老龄化的不断进展,存在认知功能障碍的人群逐年升高,从发病起始的记忆力减退到影响自身的日常生活能力和生活质量,其进展速度日益加快,不仅影响患者本人及家属的日常生活,对社会亦是一种负担。而这种介于正常认知的减退和临床痴呆之间的这种非正常状态被称作轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI),轻度认知功能障碍在发病早期其临床症状尚不明显,易与老龄化、记忆力下降等情况混淆,容易忽视,待其症状进一步加重,才被重视,临床通过一系列检查进行明确诊断,但是对于该病的治疗临床上尚未出现统一的方案,各国学者仍在不断的探索新的治疗方法(不仅是药物,更包括物理疗法等)来预防、治疗以及延缓其进展为痴呆,虽然治疗该病的药物种类较多,但是目前临床并没有针对轻度认知功能障碍的首选药物或治疗方案,再者,轻度认知功能障碍的预后也可出现不同的状态,可逆性差,并且进一步转化为痴呆(Alzheimer disease,AD)的可能性较高,每年以10%-15%的比例进一步转化为痴呆(AD)。对最近几年轻度认知障碍(MCI)的基本概念、流行病学、发病原因、发病机制(包括西医发病机制以及中医辨病辩证)、临床分型、诊断方法、诊断标准、临床表现和治疗(包括西医治疗以及中医辨证论治)的临床研究进展做一综述。
With the aging in China,the number of people who have cognitive impairment is rising year by year.From the decline of memory at the beginning until the disease influence on the people’s daily life ability and quality,the speed of its progress is increasing rapidly.It not only affects the daily life of patients and their families,but also is a burden to the society.This abnormal state between the decline of normal cognitive and clinical dementia is called mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Its clinical symptoms are not obvious in the early stage.It is easily confused with aging of people and memory decay and is also overlooked easily.To be further aggravated,this disease will be more serious.The clinical diagnosis is clear through a series of examinations.However,there is no unified treatment plan of the disease.Scholars all over the world are still exploring new treatment methods(not only drugs,but also physical therapy)to prevent,treat and delay its progress.Although there are many kinds of drugs to treat the disease,at present,there is no preferred drugs or treatments.Furthermore,the prognosis may be different with poor reversibility and it is more likely to turn into dementia.Every year 10%~15%of them are further converted into dementia.In this paper,there is a summary of the basic concepts,epidemiology,etiology and pathogenesis(including pathogenesis of western medicine and syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine)in recent years.
作者
杨昭君
米亚斯尔
陈红霞
YANG Zhaojun;Miyasier.Tuergan;CHEN Hongxia(Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China;Department of Encephalopathy,Urumqi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《实用中医内科杂志》
2020年第9期67-71,共5页
Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新计划(XJ2019G184)。
关键词
轻度认知功能障碍
MCI
痴呆
中西医结合治疗
药物治疗
物理疗法
综述
研究进展
mild cognitive impairment
MCI
dementia
integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine
drug therapy
physical therapy
review
research progress
作者简介
杨昭君(1994-),女,新疆维吾尔自治区人,硕士研究生,研究方向:中西医结合脑病;通讯作者:陈红霞(1972-),女(锡伯族),新疆乌鲁木齐人,主任医师,硕士,研究方向:中西医结合脑病,眩晕,头痛,中风,帕金森综合征等。E-mail:1457459393@qq.com。
