摘要
木里土司政权是中央王朝土司制度与中国西部木里地方“杰布”政教合一制度重叠的政权,是西南诸土司中极具地方特色的政教合一政权。文章根据相关汉藏文献和田野访谈材料等,管窥木里地方土司政权深层结构,即三权体系与“甘松磋德”长老会共同构成的政治模式及其历史渊源。木里杰布政权虽以格鲁派宗教势力为基础,但其家族世袭制的建立,以及由杰布、活佛、巴尔家构成的三权体系等特征,与过去西藏地方帕竹政权结构有几分相似之处。同时也体现了其相继从封建社会土司独政、三权体系到僧团集体统治的发展历程。
Muli Tusi's Regime as a Tusi regime of the Central Government of China,was also locally called the Gyalpo Regime in Muli area in western China.It is also a regime with political and religious powers combined,and has some specific local characteristics comparing to the Tusi regimes in the southwest provinces.Based on relevant Han's and Tibetan documents and field interviews,this article attempts to explore the deep political structure of the Tusi regime in Muli,that is,the political model,which are jointly constituted by the three-power system and the"gan-song-tsho-du"elders'meeting,and its historical origin.Although the Gyalpo Regime is based on the religious forces of the Gelugpa Sect,it is similar with Padru Kargyu Regime of Tibet as it estab⁃lished its family hereditary system,as well as the three-power system composed of Gyalpos,living Buddha and the Bar Family.At the same time,it also reflects the development course from Tusi's autocracy,the three-power system to the collective rule of monk groups.
作者
完德加
肖雨涵
WAN De-jia;XIAO Yu-han(Institute for Non-orthodox Chinese Culture,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065)
基金
2016年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“凉山木里藏族宗教文化调查研究”(项目号:16YJC730005)
2019年度四川大学中央高校项目“藏族传统信仰文化逻辑研究”(项目号:skbsh2019-50)阶段性成果。
关键词
木里杰布
土司制度
三权体系
长老会
Muli's Gyalpo
Tusi regime
three-power system
"gan-song-tsho-du"elders'meeting
作者简介
第一作者:完德加,男,藏族,青海黄南人,四川大学中国俗文化研究所文学与新闻学院研究员,主要研究方向为文学人类学、藏学、多民族文学与文化。
