摘要
目的了解广州市白云区人间布鲁氏菌病流行特征及其影响因素,为防控策略的制定提供科学依据。方法收集整理2011-2018年中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告资料,采取描述性流行病学方法进行分析;采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究,按单纯随机方法选取该期间有相应职业暴露病例50例,进一步探讨布鲁氏菌病流行的危险因素,运用条件Logistic回归对资料进行分析。结果2011-2018年广州市白云区累计报告布鲁氏菌病病例132例,年平均发病率0.73/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=29.37,P<0.05)。发病主要集中在1~7月,占发病总数的81.82%;男女性别比2.38∶1;主要分布在30~59岁组,占总数的71.97%,不同年龄组病例构成差异有统计学意义(χ^2=16.96,P<0.05);以屠宰及牲畜销售等职业人员为主,占70.45%;46.21%病例集中分布在太和镇。多因素分析结果显示屠宰羊、接触羊胎盘、毛皮等、处理流产物和喝生羊奶是感染布病的主要危险因素。结论广州市白云区布鲁氏菌病疫情呈先增后降趋势,病例主要集中在牲畜交易市场的从业人员。应重点加强职业人群的宣传教育和干预,继续开展定期监测,落实好检疫制度,加强牲畜的检疫与流通监管等综合防控。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of human brucellosis in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of reports about infectious diseases from 2011 to 2018 were collected from the China CDC Information System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.1∶1 matched case control study was conducted.Totally 50 cases with occupational exposure in this period were selected by the simple random method to further explore the risk factors of brucellosis.The conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 132 cases of brucellosis were reported in Baiyun District from 2011 to 2018,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.73/100000.There were statistically significant differences in incidence rates in different years(χ^2=29.37,P<0.05).The incidence was mainly concentrated in 1~7 months,which accounted for 81.82%of the total incidence.The male to female ratio was 2.38∶1,and the cases were mainly distributed in the age group of 30~59 years,accounting for 71.97%of the total cases.There was statistically significant difference in the case constitution of different age group(χ^2=16.96,P<0.05).The disease was mainly concentrated in slaughter and livestock sales,with an account of 70.45%.46.21%of the cases were concentrated in Taihe Town.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the main risk factors for brucellosis including the slaughter of sheep,the contact with sheep placenta,fur and etc,the disposition of abortions and the drinking of raw goat milk.Conclusion The epidemic of brucellosis in Baiyun District showed up first and then down.The disease was mainly concentrated in the employees of the livestock trading market.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity,education and intervention measures among the occupational population,continue to carry out regular monitoring,implement the quarantine system,enhance the quarantine and circulation supervision of livestock and other comprehensive prevention and control measures.
作者
杨小玲
刘礼锦
庞国梅
李能就
叶双岚
张豪
陈守义
YANG Xiaoling;LIU Lijin;PANG Guomei;LI Nengjiu;YE Shuanglan;ZHANG Hao;CHEN Shouyi(Baiyun District of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong 510000,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2020年第9期888-891,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
广州市白云区2018年科技计划项目(2018-YL-017)。
关键词
布鲁氏菌病
流行特征
LOGISTIC回归
影响因素
防控措施
Brucellosis
Epidemiological characteristics
Logistic regression
Influencing factors
Prevention and control measures
作者简介
杨小玲(1984-),女,主管医师,研究方向:急性传染病防控与人畜共患病;通讯作者:陈守义,E-mail:13826140717@163.com。
